Klima und Landschaftsumgestaltung – Palynologische Hinweise zur Komplexität prähistorischer Mensch-Umwelt-Beziehungen

Tinner, Willy; Lotter, André F.; Ammann, Brigitta; Conedera, Marco; Hubschmid, Priska; van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F. N.; Wehrli, Michael (2005). Klima und Landschaftsumgestaltung – Palynologische Hinweise zur Komplexität prähistorischer Mensch-Umwelt-Beziehungen. In: Della Casa, Philippe; Trachsel, Martin (eds.) Wetland Economies and Societies. Collectio archæologica: Vol. 3 (pp. 57-68). Zürich: Chronos Verlag

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Pollen analytical studies of four radiocarbon dated sediment records from Switzerland suggest distinct phases of forest clearances and intensified land use from 1450–1250 BC, 650–450 BC, 50 BC–100 AD, and around 700 AD. These land use expansions coincided with periods of warm climate as recorded by Alpine dendroclimatic and Greenland oxygen isotope records. Our results suggest that harvest yields increased synchronously over wide areas of central and southern Europe during periods of warm and dry climate. Positive long-term trends in pollen values of Cerealia and Plantago lanceolata indicate that technical innovations during the Bronze and Iron Ages (e.g. metal ploughs, scythes, hay production, fertilizing methods) gradually increased agricultural productivity. However, our data imply that human societies were not able to compensate rapidly for harvest failures when the climate deteriorated. Agriculture in marginal areas was abandoned, and spontaneous reforestations took place on unoccupied land both north and south of the Alps.

Item Type:

Book Section (Book Chapter)

Division/Institute:

08 Faculty of Science > Department of Biology > Institute of Plant Sciences (IPS) > Palaeoecology
08 Faculty of Science > Department of Biology > Institute of Plant Sciences (IPS)

UniBE Contributor:

Tinner, Willy, Lotter, André Franz, Ammann, Brigitta, van Leeuwen, Jacqueline Francisca

Subjects:

500 Science > 580 Plants (Botany)

ISBN:

9783034007573

Series:

Collectio archæologica

Publisher:

Chronos Verlag

Language:

German

Submitter:

Peter Alfred von Ballmoos-Haas

Date Deposited:

13 Jul 2016 16:09

Last Modified:

02 Mar 2023 23:27

Uncontrolled Keywords:

pollen analysis; palaeoclimatology; cerealia; prehistory; early agriculture

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.84227

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/84227

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