Neglected zoonotic agents in cattle abortion: tackling the difficult to grow bacteria.

Vidal Lopez, Sara; Kegler Schukovsky, Kristel; Greub, Gilbert; Aeby, Sebastien; Borel, Nicole; Dagleish, Mark P; Posthaus, Horst; Perreten, Vincent; Rodriguez-Campos, Sabrina (2017). Neglected zoonotic agents in cattle abortion: tackling the difficult to grow bacteria. BMC veterinary research, 13(1), p. 373. BioMed Central 10.1186/s12917-017-1294-y

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BACKGROUND

Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia abortus and Leptospira spp. are difficult to grow bacteria that play a role in bovine abortion, but their diagnosis is hampered by their obligate intracellular lifestyle (C. burnetii, C. abortus) or their lability (Leptospira spp.). Their importance is based on the contagious spread in food-producing animals, but also as zoonotic agents. In Switzerland, first-line routine bacteriological diagnostics in cattle abortions is regulated by national law and includes only basic screening by staining for C. burnetii due to the high costs associated with extended spectrum analysis. The aim of this study was to assess the true occurrence of these zoonotic pathogens in 249 cases of bovine abortion in Switzerland by serology (ELISA for anti-C. burnetii and C. abortus antibodies and microscopic agglutination test for anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies), molecular methods (real-time PCR and sequencing of PCR products of Chlamydiales-positive cases), Stamp's modification of the Ziehl-Neelsen (mod-ZN) stain and, upon availability of material, by histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC).

RESULTS

After seroanalysis the prevalence was 15.9% for C. burnetii, 38.5% for C. abortus and 21.4% for Leptospira spp. By real-time PCR 12.1% and 16.9% of the cases were positive for C. burnetii and Chlamydiales, respectively, but only 2.4% were positive for C. burnetii or Chlamydiales by mod-ZN stain. Sequencing of PCR products of Chlamydiales-positive cases revealed C. abortus in 10% of cases and the presence of a mix of Chlamydiales-related bacteria in 5.2% of cases. Pathogenic Leptospira spp. were detected in 5.6% of cases. Inflammatory lesions were present histologically in all available samples which were real-time PCR-positive for Chlamydiales and Leptospira spp. One of 12 real-time PCR-positive cases for C. burnetii was devoid of histological lesions. None of the pathogens could be detected by IHC.

CONCLUSION

Molecular detection by real-time PCR complemented by histopathological analysis is recommended to improve definitive diagnosis of bovine abortion cases and determine a more accurate prevalence of these zoonotic pathogens.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP) > Institute of Animal Pathology
05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP)
05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP) > Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology

Graduate School:

Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences (GCB)

UniBE Contributor:

Vidal Lopez, Sara, Kegler Schukovsky, Kristel, Posthaus, Horst, Perreten, Vincent, Rodriguez Campos, Sabrina

Subjects:

600 Technology > 630 Agriculture
500 Science > 570 Life sciences; biology

ISSN:

1746-6148

Publisher:

BioMed Central

Language:

English

Submitter:

Sabrina Rodriguez Campos

Date Deposited:

20 Apr 2018 15:47

Last Modified:

02 Mar 2023 23:29

Publisher DOI:

10.1186/s12917-017-1294-y

PubMed ID:

29197401

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Bovine abortion Chlamydiales Coxiella burnetii Leptospira spp. Zoonosis

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.107884

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/107884

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