Effects of Early Placement of Transjugular Portosystemic Shunts in Patients With High-Risk Acute Variceal Bleeding: a Meta-analysis of Individual Patient Data.

Nicoară-Farcău, Oana; Han, Guohong; Rudler, Marika; Angrisani, Debora; Monescillo, Alberto; Torres, Ferran; Casanovas, Georgina; Bosch, Jaime; Lv, Yong; Thabut, Dominique; Fan, Daiming; Hernández-Gea, Virginia; García-Pagán, Juan Carlos (2021). Effects of Early Placement of Transjugular Portosystemic Shunts in Patients With High-Risk Acute Variceal Bleeding: a Meta-analysis of Individual Patient Data. Gastroenterology, 160(1), 193-205.e10. Elsevier 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.09.026

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BACKGROUND & AIMS

Compared with drugs plus endoscopy, placement of transjugular portosystemic shunt within 72 hrs of admission to the hospital (early or preventive TIPS, also called preemptive TIPS) increases the proportion of high-risk patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding who survive for 1 year. However, the benefit of preemptive TIPS is less clear for patients with a Child-Pugh score of B and active bleeding (CP-B+AB). We performed a individual data meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of preemptive TIPS in these patients and identify factors associated with reduced survival of patients receiving preemptive TIPS.

METHODS

We searched publication databases for randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing the effects of preemptive TIPS vs endoscopy plus non-selective beta blockers in the specific population of high-risk patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding (CP-B+AB or Child-Pugh C, below 14 points), through December 31, 2019. We performed a meta-analysis of data from 7 studies (3 randomized controlled trials and 4 observational studies), comprising 1327 patients (310 received preemptive TIPS and 1017 received drugs plus endoscopy). We built adjusted models to evaluate risk using propensity score for baseline covariates. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to assess the factors associated with survival time. The primary endpoint was effects of preemptive TIPS vs drugs plus endoscopy on 1-year survival in the overall population as well as CP-B+AB and Child-Pugh C patients.

RESULTS

Overall, preemptive TIPS significantly increased the proportion of high-risk patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding who survived for 1 year, compared with drugs plus endoscopy (HR=0.443, CI 95%: [0.323-0.607], p<0.001). This effect was observed in CP-B+AB patients (HR=0.524, CI 95%: [0.307-0.896], p=0.018) and in patients with Child-Pugh C scores below 14 points (HR=0.374, CI 95%: [0.253-0.553], p<0.001). Preemptive TIPS significantly improved control of bleeding and ascites without increasing risk of hepatic encephalopathy in Child-Pugh C and CP-B+AB patients, compared with drugs plus endoscopy. Cox analysis of patients who received preemptive TIPS showed that patients could be classified into 3 categories for risk of death, based on age, serum level of creatinine, and Child-Pugh score. In each of these risk categories, preemptive TIPS increased the proportion of patients who survived for 1 year, compared with drugs plus endoscopy.

CONCLUSIONS

In a meta-analysis of data from 1327 patients with cirrhosis, acute variceal bleeding, and Child-Pugh score between 10-13 points or CP-B+AB, preemptive TIPS increased the proportion who survived for 1 year, in both subgroups separately, compared with drugs plus endoscopy.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gastro-intestinal, Liver and Lung Disorders (DMLL) > Clinic of Visceral Surgery and Medicine > Hepatology
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gastro-intestinal, Liver and Lung Disorders (DMLL) > Clinic of Visceral Surgery and Medicine

UniBE Contributor:

Bosch Genover, Jaime

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

0016-5085

Publisher:

Elsevier

Language:

English

Submitter:

Rahel Fuhrer

Date Deposited:

11 Dec 2020 12:00

Last Modified:

02 Mar 2023 23:33

Publisher DOI:

10.1053/j.gastro.2020.09.026

PubMed ID:

32980344

Additional Information:

Susana Rodrigues: Member of the preemptive TIPS individual data metanalysis, International Variceal Bleeding Study and Baveno Cooperation Study groups

Uncontrolled Keywords:

AVB HE liver disease treatment

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.148191

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/148191

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