Création de nouvelles prairies dans le réseau écologique « La Frontière » VD et effets sur les orthoptères (Insecta: Orthoptera)

Breitenmoser, Stève; Humbert, Jean-Yves; Viollier, Sylvie (2020). Création de nouvelles prairies dans le réseau écologique « La Frontière » VD et effets sur les orthoptères (Insecta: Orthoptera). Alpine entomology, 4, pp. 117-128. Pensoft Publishers 10.3897/alpento.4.46308

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The ecological and landscape network “La Frontière” is a network of semi-natural areas that are connected to promote and conserve farmland biodiversity. It is located in the lowland of canton Vaud, western Switzerland. It is composed of nearly 700 biodiversity promotion areas (the main Swiss agri-environment schemes) totaling more than 500 ha. Within this landscape, more than 150 hectares of new semi-natural grasslands, most of which are planted with hedges and trees, form the central part of the network’s ecological infrastructure. They were created on former arable land using the method of hay transfer from species rich donor grasslands. Orthopterans and the European mantis (Mantis religiosa) were chosen as bio-indicators to assess specific richness as well as the rate of colonization of these newly created areas. Orthopteran surveys were conducted between 2014 and 2018 on 33 newly established grasslands and compared to 13 extensively managed existing old grasslands. On average, 9.3 species were identified in the newly established grasslands (including 1.7 endangered species), whereas 11.5 (2.6 endangered species) were collected in the old grasslands. Statistically, there is no significant difference between these two types of grasslands. No correlation between the number of years after the creation of the new grasslands and the number of species recorded per grassland was detected, indicating a rapid colonization of the new grasslands. Six of the target orthopteran species of the cantonal ecological network, which are also vulnerable, occur in both old and new grasslands. Among the latter, Metrioptera bicolor and Euchorthippus declivus were present in nearly 60% of the samples. The
results emphasize the importance of a dense distribution of grasslands both of good quality (hay transfer) and extensively exploited
with refuge areas. They also highlight the importance of old natural grasslands and protected areas as reservoir for the restoration of
biodiversity in agricultural landscapes.

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