Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline.

Holmqvist, Kenneth; Örbom, Saga Lee; Hooge, Ignace T C; Niehorster, Diederick C; Alexander, Robert G; Andersson, Richard; Benjamins, Jeroen S; Blignaut, Pieter; Brouwer, Anne-Marie; Chuang, Lewis L; Dalrymple, Kirsten A; Drieghe, Denis; Dunn, Matt J; Ettinger, Ulrich; Fiedler, Susann; Foulsham, Tom; van der Geest, Jos N; Hansen, Dan Witzner; Hutton, Samuel B; Kasneci, Enkelejda; ... (2023). Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline. Behavior research methods, 55(1), pp. 364-416. Springer 10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8

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In this paper, we present a review of how the various aspects of any study using an eye tracker (such as the instrument, methodology, environment, participant, etc.) affect the quality of the recorded eye-tracking data and the obtained eye-movement and gaze measures. We take this review to represent the empirical foundation for reporting guidelines of any study involving an eye tracker. We compare this empirical foundation to five existing reporting guidelines and to a database of 207 published eye-tracking studies. We find that reporting guidelines vary substantially and do not match with actual reporting practices. We end by deriving a minimal, flexible reporting guideline based on empirical research (Section "An empirically based minimal reporting guideline").

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