Cheng, Andrew F; Agrusa, Harrison F; Barbee, Brent W; Meyer, Alex J; Farnham, Tony L; Raducan, Sabina D; Richardson, Derek C; Dotto, Elisabetta; Zinzi, Angelo; Della Corte, Vincenzo; Statler, Thomas S; Chesley, Steven; Naidu, Shantanu P; Hirabayashi, Masatoshi; Li, Jian-Yang; Eggl, Siegfried; Barnouin, Olivier S; Chabot, Nancy L; Chocron, Sidney; Collins, Gareth S; ... (2023). Momentum Transfer from the DART Mission Kinetic Impact on Asteroid Dimorphos. Nature communications, 616(7957), pp. 457-460. Nature Publishing Group 10.1038/s41586-023-05878-z
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The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission performed a kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos, the satellite of the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos, at 23:14 UTC on September 26, 2022 as a planetary defense test1. DART was the first hypervelocity impact experiment on an asteroid at size and velocity scales relevant to planetary defense, intended to validate kinetic impact as a means of asteroid deflection. Here we report the first determination of the momentum transferred to an asteroid by kinetic impact. Based on the change in the binary orbit period2, we find an instantaneous reduction in Dimorphos's along-track orbital velocity component of 2.70 ± 0.10 mm s-1, indicating enhanced momentum transfer due to recoil from ejecta streams produced by the impact3,4. For a Dimorphos bulk density range of 1,500 to 3,300 kg m-3, we find that the expected value of the momentum enhancement factor, [Formula: see text], ranges between 2.2 and 4.9, depending on the mass of Dimorphos. If Dimorphos and Didymos are assumed to have equal densities of 2,400 kg m-3, [Formula: see text]. These [Formula: see text] values indicate that significantly more momentum was transferred to Dimorphos from the escaping impact ejecta than was incident with DART. Therefore, the DART kinetic impact was highly effective in deflecting the asteroid Dimorphos.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
|---|---|
Division/Institute: |
08 Faculty of Science > Physics Institute > Space Research and Planetary Sciences 08 Faculty of Science > Physics Institute |
UniBE Contributor: |
Raducan, Sabina-Denisa, Ferrari, Fabio, Jutzi, Martin |
Subjects: |
500 Science > 520 Astronomy 600 Technology > 620 Engineering 500 Science > 530 Physics |
ISSN: |
2041-1723 |
Publisher: |
Nature Publishing Group |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Pubmed Import |
Date Deposited: |
02 Mar 2023 10:04 |
Last Modified: |
21 Apr 2023 00:14 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.1038/s41586-023-05878-z |
PubMed ID: |
36858075 |
BORIS DOI: |
10.48350/179409 |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/179409 |
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