The Assessment of 24-Hr Physical Behavior in Children and Adolescents via Wearables: A Systematic Review of Laboratory Validation Studies

Giurgiu, Marco; Nigg, Carina; Fiedler, Janis; Timm, Irina; Rulf, Ellen; Bussmann, Johannes B.J.; Nigg, Claudio R.; Woll, Alexander; Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W. (2022). The Assessment of 24-Hr Physical Behavior in Children and Adolescents via Wearables: A Systematic Review of Laboratory Validation Studies. Journal for the measurement of physical behaviour, 5(4), pp. 263-276. Human Kinetics 10.1123/jmpb.2022-0014

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Purpose: To raise attention to the quality of published validation protocols while comparing (in)consistencies and providing an overview on wearables, and whether they show promise or not. Methods: Searches from five electronic databases were included concerning the following eligibility criteria: (a) laboratory conditions with humans (<18 years), (b) device outcome must belong to one dimension of the 24-hr physical behavior construct (i.e., intensity, posture/activity type outcomes, biological state), (c) must include a criterion measure, and (d) published in a peer-reviewed English language journal between 1980 and 2021. Results: Out of 13,285 unique search results, 123 articles were included. In 86 studies, children <13 years were recruited, whereas in 26 studies adolescents (13–18 years) were recruited. Most studies (73.2%) validated an intensity outcome such as energy expenditure; only 20.3% and 13.8% of studies validated biological state or posture/activity type outcomes, respectively. We identified 14 wearables that had been used to validate outcomes from two or three different dimensions. Most (n = 72) of the identified 88 wearables were only validated once. Risk of bias assessment resulted in 7.3% of studies being classified as “low risk,” 28.5% as “some concerns,” and 71.5% as “high risk.” Conclusion: Overall, laboratory validation studies of wearables are characterized by low methodological quality, large variability in design, and a focus on intensity. No identified wearable provides valid results across all three dimensions of the 24-hr physical behavior construct. Future research should more strongly aim at biological state and posture/activity type outcomes, and strive for standardized protocols embedded in a validation framework.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Further Contribution)
Division/Institute:	07 Faculty of Human Sciences > Institute of Sport Science (ISPW) 07 Faculty of Human Sciences > Institute of Sport Science (ISPW) > Health Science 07 Faculty of Human Sciences > Institute of Sport Science (ISPW) > Sport Pedagogy
UniBE Contributor:	Nigg, Carina, Nigg, Claudio Renato
Subjects:	700 Arts > 790 Sports, games & entertainment
ISSN:	2575-6605
Publisher:	Human Kinetics
Language:	English
Submitter:	Carina Nigg
Date Deposited:	07 Jun 2023 10:11
Last Modified:	07 Jun 2023 10:14
Publisher DOI:	10.1123/jmpb.2022-0014
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/183149