Phenotypes of cough in children: A latent class analysis.

Mallet, Maria Christina; Pedersen, Eva S L; Makhoul, Ronny; Blanchon, Sylvain; Hoyler, Karin; Jochmann, Anja; Latzin, Philipp; Moeller, Alexander; Regamey, Nicolas; Goutaki, Myrofora; Spycher, Ben D; Kuehni, Claudia E (2023). Phenotypes of cough in children: A latent class analysis. Clinical and experimental allergy, 53(12), pp. 1279-1290. Wiley 10.1111/cea.14416

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INTRODUCTION

Distinguishing phenotypes among children with cough helps understand underlying causes. Using a statistical data-driven approach, we aimed to identify and validate cough phenotypes based on measurable traits, physician diagnoses, and prognosis.

METHODS

We used data from the Swiss Paediatric Airway Cohort and included 531 children aged 5-16 years seen in outpatient clinics since 2017. We included children with any parent-reported cough (i.e. cough without a cold, cough at night, cough more than other children, or cough longer than 4 weeks) without current wheeze. We applied latent class analysis to identify phenotypes using nine symptoms and characteristics and selected the best model using the Akaike information criterion. We assigned children to the most likely phenotype and compared the resulting groups for parental atopy history, comorbidities, spirometry, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), skin prick tests and specific IgE, physician diagnoses, and 1-year prognosis.

RESULTS

We identified four cough phenotypes: non-specific cough (26%); non-allergic infectious and night cough with snoring and otitis (4%); chronic allergic dry night cough with snoring (9%); and allergic non-infectious cough with rhino-conjunctivitis (61%). Children with the allergic phenotype often had family or personal history of atopy and asthma diagnosis. FeNO was highest for the allergic phenotype [median 17.9 parts per billion (ppb)] and lowest for the non-allergic infectious phenotype [median 7.0 parts per billion (ppb)]. Positive allergy test results differed across phenotypes (p < .001) and were most common among the allergic (70%) and least common among the non-specific cough (31%) phenotypes. Subsequent wheeze was more common among the allergic than the non-specific phenotype.

CONCLUSION

We identified four clinically relevant cough phenotypes with different prognoses. Although we excluded children with current wheeze, most children with cough belonged to allergy-related phenotypes.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Endocrinology (DFKE) > Clinic of Paediatric Medicine
04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM)
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Endocrinology (DFKE) > Clinic of Paediatric Medicine > Paediatric Pneumology

Graduate School:

Graduate School for Health Sciences (GHS)

UniBE Contributor:

Mallet, Maria Christina, Pedersen, Eva Sophie Lunde, Makhoul, Ronny, Latzin, Philipp, Goutaki, Myrofora, Spycher, Ben, Kühni, Claudia

Subjects:

300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

1365-2222

Publisher:

Wiley

Funders:

[4] Swiss National Science Foundation

Language:

English

Submitter:

Pubmed Import

Date Deposited:

27 Nov 2023 14:05

Last Modified:

08 Jan 2024 14:48

Publisher DOI:

10.1111/cea.14416

PubMed ID:

37997173

Uncontrolled Keywords:

allergy childhood clinical phenotypes cough latent class analysis

BORIS DOI:

10.48350/189382

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/189382

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