3 definitions of BF theory on homology 3-spheres

Blau, Matthias; Kakona, Mbambu; Thompson, George (2023). 3 definitions of BF theory on homology 3-spheres. Journal of High Energy Physics, 2023(4) Springer 10.1007/JHEP04(2023)146

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3-dimensional BF theory with gauge group G (= Chern-Simons theory with non-compact gauge group TG) is a deceptively simple yet subtle topological gauge theory. Formally, its partition function is a sum/integral over the moduli space of flat connections, weighted by the Ray-Singer torsion. In practice, however, this formal expression is almost invariably singular and ill-defined.

In order to improve upon this, we perform a direct evaluation of the path integral for certain classes of 3-manifolds (namely integral and rational Seifert homology spheres). By a suitable choice of gauge, we sidestep the issue of having to integrate over and reduce the partition function to a finite-dimensional Abelian matrix integral which, however, itself requires a definition. We offer 3 definitions of this integral, firstly via residues, and then via a large k limit of the corresponding G × G or Gℂ Chern-Simons matrix integrals (obtained previously). We then check and discuss to which extent the results capture the expected sum/integral over all flat connections.

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