Dose Guidance for Radiotherapy-Oriented Deep Learning Segmentation

Rüfenacht, Elias; Poel, Robert; Kamath, Amith; Ermis, Ekin; Scheib, Stefan; Fix, Michael K.; Reyes, Mauricio (2023). Dose Guidance for Radiotherapy-Oriented Deep Learning Segmentation. Lecture notes in computer science, 14228, pp. 525-534. Cham: Springer 10.1007/978-3-031-43996-4_50

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Deep learning-based image segmentation for radiotherapy is intended to speed up the planning process and yield consistent results. However, most of these segmentation methods solely rely on distribution and geometry-associated training objectives without considering tumor control and the sparing of healthy tissues. To incorporate dosimetric effects into segmentation models, we propose a new training loss function that extends current state-of-the-art segmentation model training via a dose-based guidance method. We hypothesized that adding such a dose-guidance mechanism improves the robustness of the segmentation with respect to the dose (i.e., resolves distant outliers and focuses on locations of high dose/dose gradient). We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method on Gross Tumor Volume segmentation for glioblastoma treatment. The obtained dosimetry-based results show reduced dose errors relative to the ground truth dose map using the proposed dosimetry-segmentation guidance, outperforming state-of-the-art distribution and geometry-based segmentation losses.

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