Epidemiology of candidemia in Swiss tertiary care hospitals: secular trends, 1991-2000

Marchetti, O; Bille, J; Fluckiger, U; Eggimann, P; Ruef, C; Garbino, J; Calandra, T; Glauser, MP; Täuber, MG; Pittet, D; Fungal, Infection Network of Switzerland (2004). Epidemiology of candidemia in Swiss tertiary care hospitals: secular trends, 1991-2000. Clinical infectious diseases, 38(3), pp. 311-20. Cary, N.C.: The University of Chicago Press 10.1086/380637

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Candida species are among the most common bloodstream pathogens in the United States, where the emergence of azole-resistant Candida glabrata and Candida krusei are major concerns. Recent comprehensive longitudinal data from Europe are lacking. We conducted a nationwide survey of candidemia during 1991-2000 in 17 university and university-affiliated hospitals representing 79% of all tertiary care hospital beds in Switzerland. The number of transplantations and bloodstream infections increased significantly (P<.001). A total of 1137 episodes of candidemia were observed: Candida species ranked seventh among etiologic agents (2.9% of all bloodstream isolates). The incidence of candidemia was stable over a 10-year period. C. albicans remained the predominant Candida species recovered (66%), followed by C. glabrata (15%). Candida tropicalis emerged (9%), the incidence of Candida parapsilosis decreased (1%), and recovery of C. krusei remained rare (2%). Fluconazole consumption increased significantly (P<.001). Despite increasing high-risk activities, the incidence of candidemia remained unchanged, and no shift to resistant species occurred.

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