Azevedo, Tiago Castro Lopes; Zwahlen, Marcel; Rauch, Andri; Egger, Matthias; Wandeler, Gilles (2016). Hepatitis C in HIV-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of estimated prevalence in Africa. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 19(1), p. 20711. BioMed Central 10.7448/IAS.19.1.20711.
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INTRODUCTION
Although hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening is recommended for all HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy, data on epidemiologic characteristics of HCV infection in resource-limited settings are scarce.
METHODS
We searched PubMed and EMBASE for studies assessing the prevalence of HCV infection among HIV-infected individuals in Africa and extracted data on laboratory methods used. Prevalence estimates from individual studies were combined for each country using random-effects meta-analysis. The importance of study design, population and setting as well as type of test (anti-HCV antibody tests and polymerase chain reactions) was examined with meta-regression.
RESULTS
Three randomized controlled trials, 28 cohort studies and 121 cross-sectional analyses with 108,180 HIV-infected individuals from 35 countries were included. The majority of data came from outpatient populations (55%), followed by blood donors (15%) and pregnant women (14%). Based on estimates from 159 study populations, anti-HCV positivity prevalence ranged between 3.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8-4.7) in Southern Africa and 42.3% (95% CI 4.1-80.5) in North Africa. Study design, type of setting and age distribution did not influence this prevalence significantly. The prevalence of replicating HCV infection, estimated from data of 29 cohorts, was 2.0% (95% CI 1.5-2.6). Ten studies from nine countries reported the HCV genotype of 74 samples, 53% were genotype 1, 24% genotype 2, 14% genotype 4 and 9% genotypes 3, 5 or 6.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies is high in HIV-infected patients in Africa, but replicating HCV infection is rare and varies widely across countries.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
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Division/Institute: |
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Haematology, Oncology, Infectious Diseases, Laboratory Medicine and Hospital Pharmacy (DOLS) > Clinic of Infectiology 04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM) |
UniBE Contributor: |
Castro Lopes Azevedo, Tiago, Zwahlen, Marcel, Rauch, Andri, Egger, Matthias, Wandeler, Gilles |
Subjects: |
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services |
ISSN: |
1758-2652 |
Publisher: |
BioMed Central |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Doris Kopp Heim |
Date Deposited: |
14 Jun 2016 14:57 |
Last Modified: |
05 Dec 2022 14:56 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.7448/IAS.19.1.20711. |
PubMed ID: |
27293220 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Africa HIV infection antibody test genotype hepatitis C infection meta-analysis polymerase chain reaction |
BORIS DOI: |
10.7892/boris.83731 |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/83731 |
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