Röthlin, Philipp; Horvath, Stephan; Birrer, Daniel; Güttinger, Leonie; grosse Holtforth, Martin (2016). Cognitive Interference in Sports – Validation of a German Version of the Thoughts Occurrence Questionnaire Sport (TOQS). Diagnostica, 63(2), pp. 112-121. Hogrefe 10.1026/0012-1924/a000167
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Concentration is essential for athletic performance. The disturbance of concentration by thoughts is called cognitive interference. In English-speaking countries, this interference is assessed with the Thought Occurrence Questionnaire for Sport (TOQS; Hatzigeorgiadis & Biddle, 2000). The present study validated a German version (TOQS-D) on two samples consisting of a total of 348 athletes (56 % male, Mage = 25, SDage = 6, 61 % team sports, 53 % national team members). An exploratory factor analysis (Sample 1) and a confirmatory factor analysis (Sample 2) confirmed the structure of the original version with three correlated factors: performance worries, task-irrelevant thoughts, and thoughts of escape. The scale has good reliability scores (internal consistency: α = .89; test–retest reliability: r = .82). In addition, the TOQS-D shows the expected convergent (concentration disruption, competition anxiety), divergent (mindfulness), and criterion validity (self-assessment of athletic performance). The TOQS-D can be considered an appropriate questionnaire, and its applications in practice and research is discussed.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
|---|---|
Division/Institute: |
07 Faculty of Human Sciences > Institute of Psychology > Personality Psychology, Differential Psychology and Diagnostics 04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Head Organs and Neurology (DKNS) > Clinic of Neurology > Centre of Competence for Psychosomatic Medicine 07 Faculty of Human Sciences > Institute of Psychology > Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy 07 Faculty of Human Sciences > Institute of Psychology |
UniBE Contributor: |
Horvath, Stephan, Grosse Holtforth, Martin |
Subjects: |
100 Philosophy > 150 Psychology 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 370 Education 600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health |
ISSN: |
0012-1924 |
Publisher: |
Hogrefe |
Language: |
German |
Submitter: |
Annette Barbara Kocher |
Date Deposited: |
06 Mar 2017 09:54 |
Last Modified: |
30 Mar 2023 16:30 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.1026/0012-1924/a000167 |
BORIS DOI: |
10.7892/boris.95345 |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/95345 |
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