Averbuch, Diana; Tridello, Gloria; Hoek, Jennifer; Mikulska, Malgorzata; Akan, Hamdi; Yanez San Segundo, Lucrecia; Pabst, Thomas; Özçelik, Tülay; Klyasova, Galina; Donnini, Irene; Wu, Depei; Gülbas, Zafer; Zuckerman, Tsila; Botelho de Sousa, Aida; Beguin, Yves; Xhaard, Aliénor; Bachy, Emmanuel; Ljungman, Per; de la Camara, Rafael; Rascon, Jelena; ... (2017). Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram-Negative Rods Causing Bacteremia in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: Intercontinental Prospective Study of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Bone Marrow Transplantation Group. Clinical infectious diseases, 65(11), pp. 1819-1828. Oxford University Press 10.1093/cid/cix646
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Background
This intercontinental study aimed to study gram-negative rod (GNR) resistance in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
Methods
GNR bacteremias occurring during 6 months post-HSCT (February 2014-May 2015) were prospectively collected, and analyzed for rates and risk factors for resistance to fluoroquinolones, noncarbapenem anti-Pseudomonas β-lactams (noncarbapenems), carbapenems, and multidrug resistance.
Results
Sixty-five HSCT centers from 25 countries in Europe, Australia, and Asia reported data on 655 GNR episodes and 704 pathogens in 591 patients (Enterobacteriaceae, 73%; nonfermentative rods, 24%; and 3% others). Half of GNRs were fluoroquinolone and noncarbapenem resistant; 18.5% carbapenem resistant; 35.2% multidrug resistant. The total resistance rates were higher in allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT) vs autologous HSCT (auto-HSCT) patients (P < .001) but similar in community-acquired infections. Noncarbapenem resistance and multidrug resistance were higher in auto-HSCT patients in centers providing vs not providing fluoroquinolone prophylaxis (P < .01). Resistance rates were higher in southeast vs northwest Europe and similar in children and adults, excluding higher fluoroquinolone- and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor resistance rates in allo-HSCT adults. Non-Klebsiella Enterobacteriaceae were rarely carbapenem resistant. Multivariable analysis revealed resistance risk factors in allo-HSCT patients: fluoroquinolone resistance: adult, prolonged neutropenia, breakthrough on fluoroquinolones; noncarbapenem resistance: hospital-acquired infection, breakthrough on noncarbapenems or other antibiotics (excluding fluoroquinolones, noncarbapenems, carbapenems), donor type; carbapenem resistance: breakthrough on carbapenem, longer hospitalization, intensive care unit, previous other antibiotic therapy; multidrug resistance: longer hospitalization, breakthrough on β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors, and carbapenems. Inappropriate empiric therapy and mortality were significantly more common in infections caused by resistant bacteria.
Conclusions
Our data question the recommendation for fluoroquinolone prophylaxis and call for reassessment of local empiric antibiotic protocols. Knowledge of pathogen-specific resistance enables early appropriate empiric therapy. Monitoring of resistance is crucial.
Clinical Trials Registration
NCT02257931.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
|---|---|
Division/Institute: |
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Haematology, Oncology, Infectious Diseases, Laboratory Medicine and Hospital Pharmacy (DOLS) > Clinic of Medical Oncology |
UniBE Contributor: |
Pabst, Thomas Niklaus |
Subjects: |
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health |
ISSN: |
1058-4838 |
Publisher: |
Oxford University Press |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Nicole Corminboeuf |
Date Deposited: |
26 Mar 2018 10:54 |
Last Modified: |
02 Mar 2023 23:30 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.1093/cid/cix646 |
PubMed ID: |
29020364 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: |
antimicrobial resistance bacteremia gram-negative rods hematopoietic stem cell transplantation |
BORIS DOI: |
10.7892/boris.111214 |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/111214 |
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