Measurement of long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations with the subevent cumulant method in pp and p + Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Rimoldi, Marco; Mullier, Geoffrey; Miucci, Antonio; Merlassino, Claudia; Haug, Sigve; Weber, Michael; Meloni, Federico; Beck, Hans Peter; Ereditato, Antonio (2018). Measurement of long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations with the subevent cumulant method in pp and p + Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Physical review. C - nuclear physics, 97(2) American Institute of Physics 10.1103/PhysRevC.97.024904

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A detailed study of multiparticle azimuthal correlations is presented using pp data at √s = 5.02 and 13 TeV, and p+Pb data at √sNN = 5.02 TeV, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The azimuthal correlations are probed using four-particle cumulants cn{4} and flow coefficients vn{4}=(−cn{4})1/4 for n=2 and 3, with the goal of extracting long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlation signals and suppressing the short-range correlations. The values of cn{4} are obtained as a function of the average number of charged particles per event,〈Nch〉, using the recently proposed two-subevent and three-subevent cumulant methods, and compared with results obtained with the standard cumulant method. The standard method is found to be strongly biased by short-range correlations, which originate mostly from jets with a positive contribution to cn{4}. The three-subevent method, on the other hand, is found to be least sensitive to short-range correlations. The three-subevent method gives a negative c₂{4}, and therefore a well-defined v₂{4}, nearly independent of〈Nch〉, which impliesthat the long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations persist to events with low multiplicity. Furthermore, v₂{4}is found to be smaller than the v₂{2}measured using the two-particle correlation method, as expectedfor long-range collective behavior. Finally, the measured values of v₂{4} and v₂{2} are used to estimate the number of sources relevant for the initial eccentricity in the collision geometry. The results based on the subevent cumulant technique provide direct evidence, in small collision systems, for a long-range collectivity involving many particles distributed across a broad rapidity interval.

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