Does c-Met remain a rational target for therapy in patients with EGFR TKI-resistant non-small cell lung cancer?

Wu, Yi-Long; Soo, Ross Andrew; Locatelli, Giuseppe; Stammberger, Uz; Scagliotti, Giorgio; Park, Keunchil (2017). Does c-Met remain a rational target for therapy in patients with EGFR TKI-resistant non-small cell lung cancer? Cancer treatment reviews, 61, pp. 70-81. Elsevier 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.10.003

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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) inevitably develops resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. In 5-20% of cases, this can be attributed to aberrant c-Met activity, providing a clear rationale for the use of c-Met inhibitors in these patients. EGFR TKI-resistant tumors often remain sensitive to EGFR signaling, such that c-Met inhibitors are likely to be most effective when combined with continued EGFR TKI therapy. The phase III trials of the c-Met inhibitors onartuzumab and tivantinib, which failed to demonstrate significant benefit in patients with NSCLC but excluded patients with EGFR TKI-resistant disease, do not allow c-Met to be dismissed as a rational target in EGFR TKI-resistant NSCLC. Selective c-Met TKIs exhibit more favorable properties, targeting both hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-dependent and -independent c-Met activity, with a reduced risk of toxicity compared to non-selective c-Met TKIs. Phase Ib/II trials of the selective c-Met TKIs capmatinib and tepotinib have shown encouraging signs of efficacy. Factors affecting the success of ongoing and future trials of c-Met inhibitors in patients with EGFR TKI-resistant, c-Met-positive NSCLC are considered.

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