Technical Note: Benchmarking automated eye tracking and human detection for motion monitoring in ocular proton therapy

Via, Riccardo; Hennings, Fabian; Fattori, Giovanni; Pica, Alessia; Lomax, Antony; Weber, Damien Charles; Baroni, Guido; Hrbacek, Jan (2020). Technical Note: Benchmarking automated eye tracking and human detection for motion monitoring in ocular proton therapy. Medical physics, 47(5), pp. 2237-2241. American Association of Physicists in Medicine AAPM 10.1002/mp.14087

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Purpose: Ocular proton therapy is an effective therapeutic option for patients affected with uveal melanomas. An optical eye-tracking system (ETS) aiming at noninvasive motion monitoring was developed and tested in a clinical scenario.

Materials and methods: The ETS estimates eye position and orientation at 25 frames per second using the three-dimensional position of pupil and cornea curvature centers identified, in the treatment room, through stereoscopic optical imaging and infrared eye illumination. Its capabilities for automatic detection of eye motion were retrospectively evaluated on 60 treatment fractions. Then, the ETS performance was benchmarked against the clinical standard based on visual control and manual beam interruption.

Results: Eye-tracking system detected eye position successfully in 97% of all available frames. Eye-tracking system-based eye monitoring during therapy guarantees quicker response to involuntary eye motions than manual beam interruptions and avoids unnecessary beam interruptions.

Conclusions: Eye-tracking system shows promise for on-line monitoring of eye motion. Its introduction in the clinical workflow will guarantee a swifter treatment course for the patient and the clinical personnel.

Keywords: Image-guided radiotherapy; automatic intra-fraction motion monitoring; intraocular tumour; noninvasive eye tracking; ocular proton therapy; optical tracking.

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