Prolonged Maternal Zika Viremia as a Marker of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes.

Pomar, Léo; Lambert, Véronique; Matheus, Séverine; Pomar, Céline; Hcini, Najeh; Carles, Gabriel; Rousset, Dominique; Vouga, Manon; Panchaud Monnat, Alice; Baud, David (2021). Prolonged Maternal Zika Viremia as a Marker of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes. Emerging infectious diseases, 27(2), pp. 490-498. U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 10.3201/eid2702.200684

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Whether prolonged maternal viremia after Zika virus infection represents a risk factor for maternal-fetal transmission and subsequent adverse outcomes remains unclear. In this prospective cohort study in French Guiana, we enrolled Zika virus-infected pregnant women with a positive PCR result at inclusion and noninfected pregnant women; both groups underwent serologic testing in each trimester and at delivery during January-July 2016. Prolonged viremia was defined as ongoing virus detection >30 days postinfection. Adverse outcomes (fetal loss or neurologic anomalies) were more common in fetuses and neonates from mothers with prolonged viremia (40.0%) compared with those from infected mothers without prolonged viremia (5.3%, adjusted relative risk [aRR] 7.2 [95% CI 0.9-57.6]) or those from noninfected mothers (6.6%, aRR 6.7 [95% CI 3.0-15.1]). Congenital infections were confirmed more often in fetuses and neonates from mothers with prolonged viremia compared with the other 2 groups (60.0% vs. 26.3% vs. 0.0%, aRR 2.3 [95% CI 0.9-5.5]).

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