The Implementation Gap in Emerging Disease Risk Management in the Wildlife Trade.

Stephen, Craig; Carmo, Luís Pedro; Montano Valle de las Nieves, Damarys; Friker, Brian; Sousa, Filipe Maximiano; Vidondo, Beatriz; Berezowski, John (2022). The Implementation Gap in Emerging Disease Risk Management in the Wildlife Trade. Journal of wildlife diseases, 58(4), pp. 705-715. Wildlife Disease Association 10.7589/JWD-D-21-00199

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The wildlife trade has been characterized as one of the biggest risk factors in the emergence of new infectious diseases. In the shadow of COVID-19, there is growing political and scientific urgency to manage this risk. Existing studies and experiences make it clear that something must be done but are less clear on how to get it done. It is a quite different task to accumulate evidence on the presence of pathogens, their locations in the supply chain, and their spillover to new hosts than to identify effective ways to prevent and mitigate emerging disease under real-world conditions. This study sought peer-reviewed evidence on the effectiveness, acceptability, feasibility, and sustainability of risk reduction interventions for zoonotic and nonzoonotic disease emergence in the wildlife trade. An environmental scan triangulated information from a scoping review following a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis extension for scoping review protocol, two narrative literature reviews, and key informant interviews of 26 international wildlife health experts. Existing literature has been inattentive to program implementation or evaluation studies. There was insufficient evidence to identify effective and sustainable risk management actions. Studies on the effects of social, epidemiologic, and ecologic context on intervention success was lacking, as was research using a complex systems perspective. The lack of systematic program evaluations or implementation studies leaves decision makers with insufficient evidence to select interventions likely to be acceptable, effective, and sustainable within and across the disparate context of the wildlife trade. This necessitates adaptive risk management and innovations in program implementation and evaluation to ensure evidence-based risk management.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health (DCR-VPH) > Veterinary Public Health Institute 05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health (DCR-VPH)
UniBE Contributor:	Montano Valle, Damarys de las Nieves
Subjects:	600 Technology > 630 Agriculture
ISSN:	0090-3558
Publisher:	Wildlife Disease Association
Language:	English
Submitter:	Pubmed Import
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2022 09:38
Last Modified:	10 Dec 2022 00:12
Publisher DOI:	10.7589/JWD-D-21-00199
PubMed ID:	35917400
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Emerging disease evaluation implementation knowledge-to-action risk scoping review wildlife trade
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/171705