Alcoholic steatohepatitis

Stickel, Felix; Seitz, Helmut K (2010). Alcoholic steatohepatitis. Best practice & research - clinical gastroenterology, 24(5), pp. 683-93. London: Baillière Tindall 10.1016/j.bpg.2010.07.003

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Severe alcoholic steatohepatitis has a poor prognosis and is characterized by jaundice and signs of liver failure. Its incidence is unknown, but prevalence is around 20% in cohorts of alcoholics undergoing liver biopsy. Diagnosis is established with elevated liver transaminases, neutrophil counts, serum bilirubin, and impaired coagulation and a history of excessive alcohol consumption, and exclusion of other etiologies. Histology is helpful but not mandatory. Prognostic scores include the Maddrey's discriminant function, the model of end-stage liver disease, and the Glasgow Alcoholic Hepatitis Score. Pathophysiology involves hepatic fat storage, increased hepatic uptake of gut-derived endotoxins triggering Kupffer cell activation and release of proinflammatory triggers, induction of cytochrome P4502E1 producing toxic acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species, and ethanol-mediated hyperhomocysteinemia causing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Treatment includes abstinence, enteral nutrition, corticosteroids, and possibly pentoxifylline. A debate is ongoing whether certain patients with severe alcoholic steatohepatitis could be eligible for liver transplantation.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Service Sector > Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Visceral Research [discontinued]

UniBE Contributor:

Stickel, Felix

ISSN:

1521-6918

Publisher:

Baillière Tindall

Language:

English

Submitter:

Factscience Import

Date Deposited:

04 Oct 2013 14:11

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 14:01

Publisher DOI:

10.1016/j.bpg.2010.07.003

PubMed ID:

20955970

Web of Science ID:

000284859300015

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/1725 (FactScience: 203664)

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