Exudative glomerulonephritis associated with acute leptospirosis in dogs.

Hilbe, Monika; Posthaus, Horst; Paternoster, Giulia; Schuller, Simone; Imlau, Michelle; Jahns, Hanne (2024). Exudative glomerulonephritis associated with acute leptospirosis in dogs. Veterinary pathology, 61(3), pp. 453-461. Sage 10.1177/03009858231207020

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In the past 20 years in Switzerland, dogs with suspect acute leptospirosis frequently showed severe glomerular changes that had not been previously reported. These features were characterized by abundant extravasated erythrocytes and fewer neutrophils accompanied by marked fibrin exudation into the urinary space that was interpreted as an exudative glomerulonephritis (GN). This retrospective study describes this significant glomerular pathological change and investigates the association with leptospirosis. Tissues from 50 dogs with exudative GN, retrieved from 2 pathology archives in Switzerland were reviewed using hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, phosphotungstic acid-hematoxylin, and Warthin and Starry stains. Clinical and postmortem data were collected for each case. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or polymerase chain reactions were used as confirmatory tests for leptospirosis. While all 50 cases had clinical and pathological features supporting a diagnosis of leptospirosis, 37 cases were confirmed for the disease. Using a LipL32 antibody in addition to the OMV2177 antibody raised against the lipopolysaccharide of Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni increased the detection rate of Leptospira by IHC in exudative GN from 24% to 62%. Signalment, seasonality, clinical signs, blood results, and pathological changes in dogs with exudative GN were similar to those reported for dogs without GN and confirmed infection by Leptospira spp.. Exudative GN was common among Swiss dogs with leptospirosis where it caused acute severe disease. Leptospirosis should be considered as a cause of this new pathologic feature by the pathologist. The pathogenesis remains unclear, but involvement of a geographic-specific serovar with unique virulence factors is suspected and warrants further investigation.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine (DKV)
05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine (DKV) > Small Animal Clinic
05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP) > Institute of Animal Pathology
05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP)

UniBE Contributor:

Posthaus, Horst, Schuller, Simone

Subjects:

600 Technology > 630 Agriculture

ISSN:

1544-2217

Publisher:

Sage

Language:

English

Submitter:

Pubmed Import

Date Deposited:

30 Oct 2023 12:22

Last Modified:

04 May 2024 00:12

Publisher DOI:

10.1177/03009858231207020

PubMed ID:

37899628

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Leptospira PCR Warthin and Starry stain dog immunohistochemistry interstitial nephritis kidney leptospirosis

BORIS DOI:

10.48350/188326

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/188326

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