Evolution of the external crystalline massifs of the European Alps: From massif to lithosphere scale

Herwegh, Marco; Berger, Alfons; Bellahsen, Nicolas; Rolland, Yann; Kissling, Edi (2024). Evolution of the external crystalline massifs of the European Alps: From massif to lithosphere scale. In: Rosenberg, Claudio L.; Bellahsen, Nicolas (eds.) Geodynamics of the Alps 3: Collisional Processes (pp. 53-124). Wiley 10.1002/9781394299560.ch2

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	Text Geodynamics_of_the_Alps_3_-_2024_-_Rosenberg_-_Evolution_of_the_External_Crystalline_Massifs_of_the_European_Alps.pdf - Published Version Restricted to registered users only Available under License Publisher holds Copyright. Download (3MB)

This chapter summarizes the Alpine evolution of the so-called “external crystalline massifs” (ECM). The ECM align in an arcuate manner, following the trend of the relatively external part of the Western to the Central Alps. The chapter presents a summary of the current state of knowledge on the exhumation processes, structures, kinematics and geodynamic consequences necessary to form and exhume the ECM. It introduces the geological setting common to all ECM followed by the geological setting and tectonic evolution of each ECM individually. The chapter deals with the lithosphere-scale structural-tectonic framework of the ECM. These multi-scale geometries are then discussed in the context of the evolution of the Western to Central Alpine arc including effects of inheritance of Mesozoic extensional structures and passive margin geometries, deformation structures, as well as kinematics. Finally, the chapter discusses the general ECM evolution in light of Alpine geodynamic processes.

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