Tan, Sean; Spear, Ella; Sane, Nikhita; Chan, Jasmine; Nelson, Adam J; Alamgeer, Muhammad; Nerlekar, Nitesh; Segelov, Eva; Nicholls, Stephen J (2024). Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Events in Cancer Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Heart, lung & circulation, 33(5), pp. 721-729. Elsevier 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.10.008
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BACKGROUND
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective therapies for numerous cancers, but have been associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This study aimed to identify predictors for ASCVD events among cancer patients treated with ICIs and the cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) control of those who developed ASCVD.
METHOD
A single-centre retrospective study of 366 cancer patients who received ICIs from 2018 to 2020 was performed. Demographic, baseline CVRF, cancer history, and ICI regimen data were obtained from medical records. The primary end point of ASCVD events was defined as myocardial infarction, coronary revascularisation, ischaemic stroke, or acute limb ischaemia. Cox proportional multivariable modelling and competing risks analysis were performed to assess ASCVD predictors. Descriptive analysis was performed to describe CVRF management among those who developed ASCVD events.
RESULTS
Over a median follow-up of 3.4 years (2.8-4.3), 26 patients (7.1%) experienced 27 ASCVD events (seven myocardial infarction, one coronary revascularisation, 13 ischaemic stroke, and six acute limb ischaemia events). There were 226 (61.8%) cancer-related deaths and no cardiac deaths. History of ASCVD before ICI initiation was independently associated with ASCVD events on traditional Cox modelling (hazard ratio [HR] 4.00; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.79-8.91; p<0.01) and competing risks analysis (HR 4.23; 95% CI 1.87-9.60; p<0.01). A total of 17 patients developed ASCVD events after ICI cessation (median 1.4 years). Among those with ASCVD events, 12 had prior ASCVD, 16 had hypertension, nine had hypercholesterolaemia, and four had diabetes, and nine were actively smoking. Variable prescription of cardiovascular preventative therapies was noted.
CONCLUSIONS
History of ASCVD was associated with subsequent ASCVD events among patients treated with ICIs, which could occur even after active treatment was stopped. Identification and aggressive management of modifiable CVRFs should be considered throughout cancer survivorship in patients who received ICI treatment.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
|---|---|
Division/Institute: |
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Haematology, Oncology, Infectious Diseases, Laboratory Medicine and Hospital Pharmacy (DOLS) > Clinic of Radiation Oncology 04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Department of Clinical Research (DCR) |
UniBE Contributor: |
Segelov, Eva |
Subjects: |
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health |
ISSN: |
1444-2892 |
Publisher: |
Elsevier |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Pubmed Import |
Date Deposited: |
04 Dec 2023 13:05 |
Last Modified: |
03 Jun 2024 00:12 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.1016/j.hlc.2023.10.008 |
PubMed ID: |
38042638 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Cardio-oncology Cardiotoxicity Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immunotherapy Medical oncology |
BORIS DOI: |
10.48350/189793 |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/189793 |
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