Cortical regional hyperperfusion in nonconvulsive status epilepticus measured by dynamic brain perfusion CT

Hauf, M; Slotboom, J; Nirkko, A; von Bredow, F; Ozdoba, C; Wiest, R (2009). Cortical regional hyperperfusion in nonconvulsive status epilepticus measured by dynamic brain perfusion CT. American journal of neuroradiology AJNR, 30(4), pp. 693-8. Oak Brook, Ill.: American Society of Neuroradiology 10.3174/ajnr.A1456

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is associated with a mortality rate of up to 18%, therefore requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic value of perfusion CT (PCT) in the differential diagnosis of NCSE versus postictal states in patients presenting with persistent altered mental states after a preceding epileptic seizure. We hypothesized that regional cortical hyperperfusion can be measured by PCT in patients with NCSE, whereas it is not present in postictal states. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen patients with persistent altered mental status after a preceding epileptic seizure underwent PCT and electroencephalography (EEG). Patients were stratified as presenting with NCSE (n = 9) or a postictal state (n = 10) on the basis of clinical history and EEG data. Quantitative and visual analysis of the perfusion maps was performed. RESULTS: Patients during NCSE had significantly increased regional cerebral blood flow (P > .0001), increased regional cerebral blood volume (P > .001), and decreased (P > .001) mean transit time compared with the postictal state. Regional cortical hyperperfusion was depicted in 7/9 of patients with NCSE by ad hoc analysis of parametric perfusion maps during emergency conditions but was not a feature of postictal states. The areas of hyperperfusion were concordant with transient clinical symptoms and EEG topography in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: Visual analysis of perfusion maps detected regional hyperperfusion in NCSE with a sensitivity of 78%. The broad availability and short processing time of PCT in an emergency situation is a benefit compared with EEG. Consequently, the use of PCT in epilepsy may accelerate the diagnosis of NCSE. PCT may qualify as a complementary diagnostic tool to EEG in patients with persistent altered mental state after a preceding seizure.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology and Nuclear Medicine (DRNN) > Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology

UniBE Contributor:

Hauf, Martinus, Slotboom, Johannes, Ozdoba, Christoph, Wiest, Roland Gerhard Rudi

ISSN:

0195-6108

ISBN:

19213823

Publisher:

American Society of Neuroradiology

Language:

English

Submitter:

Factscience Import

Date Deposited:

04 Oct 2013 15:06

Last Modified:

02 Mar 2023 23:23

Publisher DOI:

10.3174/ajnr.A1456

PubMed ID:

19213823

Web of Science ID:

000265583700009

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/28777 (FactScience: 130187)

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