Immune recovery after starting ART in HIV-infected patients presenting and not presenting with tuberculosis in South Africa

Schomaker, Michael; Egger, Matthias; Maskew, Mhairi; Garone, Daniela; Prozesky, Hans; Hoffmann, Christopher J.; Boulle, Andrew; Fenner, Lukas (2013). Immune recovery after starting ART in HIV-infected patients presenting and not presenting with tuberculosis in South Africa. JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES, 63(1), pp. 142-145. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318288b39d

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We studied the immune response after starting antiretroviral treatment (ART) in 15,646 HIV-infected patients with or without tuberculosis (TB) at presentation in 3 ART programs in South Africa between 2003 and 2010. Patients presenting with TB had similar increases in CD4 cells compared with all other patients (adjusted difference 4.9 cells/µL per 6 months, 95% confidence interval: 0.2 to 9.7). Younger age, advanced clinical stage, female sex, and lower CD4 cell count at ART start were all associated with steeper CD4 slopes. In South Africa, HIV-infected patients presenting with TB experience immune recovery after starting ART that is no worse than in other patients.

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