Small ruminant lentivirus genotype B and E interaction: evidences on the role of Roccaverano strain on reducing proviral load of the challenging CAEV strain

Bertolotti, Luigi; Reina, Ramsés; Mazzei, Maurizio; Preziuso, Silvia; Camero, Michele; Carrozza, Maria Luisa; Cavalli, Alessandra; Juganaru, Magda; Profiti, Margherita; De Meneghi, Daniele; Perona, Giovanni; Renzoni, Giacomo; Tursi, Massimiliano; Bertoni, Giuseppe; Rosati, Sergio (2013). Small ruminant lentivirus genotype B and E interaction: evidences on the role of Roccaverano strain on reducing proviral load of the challenging CAEV strain. Veterinary microbiology, 163(1-2), pp. 33-41. Elsevier 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.12.004

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Live attenuated vaccines provide the most consistent protective immunity in experimental models of lentivirus infections. In this study we tested the hypothesis that animals infected with a naturally attenuated small ruminant lentivirus field strain of genotype E may control a challenge infection with a virulent strain of the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV-CO). Within genotype E, Roccaverano strain has been described as attenuated since decreased arthritic pathological indexes were recorded in Roccaverano-infected animals compared to animals of the same breed infected with genotype B strains. Moreover, under natural conditions, animals double-infected with genotypes B and E appear less prone to develop SRLV-related disease, leading to a putative protective role of Roccaverano strain. Here we present evidence that goats experimentally infected with the avirulent genotype E SRLV-Roccaverano strain control the proviral load of a pathogenic challenge virus (CAEV-CO strain) more efficiently than naïve animals and appear to limit the spread of histological lesions to the contralateral joints.

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