Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD): from biology to control

Bachofen, Claudia; Stalder, Hanspeter; Vogt, Hans-Rudolf; Wegmüller, Michael; Schweizer, Matthias; Zanoni, Reto Giacomo; Peterhans, Ernst (2013). Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD): from biology to control. Berliner und Münchener tierärztliche Wochenschrift, 126(11-12), pp. 452-461. Schlütersche

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Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is endemic worldwide. Together with classical swine fever and border disease viruses, it belongs to the genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae. Most infections with BVDV take a transient, acute, course. Only rarely BVDV persists in its hosts. Due to the early time point of infection in utero, persistently infected (PI) animals are immunotolerant to the infecting non-cytopathic BVDV. In such animals the virus may mutate to a cytopathic biotype, causing lethal mucosal disease. In BVD-endemic regions, approximately 1% of the animals are PI. Removal of all PI animals leads to extinction of BVD. This approach to BVD eradication has been vindicated in Scandinavia. Following the same principles, regional and country-wide eradication programs are run in different parts of the world. These programs differ in the way PI animals are detected and in the role of vaccines. The Scandinavian two-step method of detecting PI animals is based on (i) the high level of seroprevalence in herds where PI animals are present and (ii) on testing all animals for virus in such herds. However, the high average herd seroprevalence in Switzerland made it impossible to define a reasonable threshold for virus testing. Therefore, all animals were directly tested for virus in the year 2008 and all newborn calves until the end of 2012, when the PI prevalence had dropped to 0.02%. Vaccination remains prohibited. Since 2013, surveillance for BVD is accomplished by serology. As a unique consequence of eradication, over 7500 viral strains are available to us for genetic studies.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Review Article)
Division/Institute:	05 Veterinary Medicine > Research Foci > Host-Pathogen Interaction 05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP) > Institute of Virology and Immunology 05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP)
UniBE Contributor:	Bachofen, Claudia, Stalder, Hanspeter, Vogt, Hans-Rudolf, Wegmüller, Michael, Schweizer, Matthias, Zanoni, Reto Giacomo, Peterhans, Ernst
Subjects:	600 Technology > 630 Agriculture
ISSN:	0005-9366
Publisher:	Schlütersche
Language:	German
Submitter:	Susanne Portner
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2014 07:57
Last Modified:	05 Dec 2022 14:31
PubMed ID:	24511819
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/45947