Infection rate of emergency bolt-kit vs. non-emergency conventional implanted silver bearing external ventricular drainage catheters.

Fichtner, Jens; Jilch, Astrid; Stieglitz, Lennart; Beck, Jürgen; Raabe, Andreas; Z'Graggen, Werner Josef (2014). Infection rate of emergency bolt-kit vs. non-emergency conventional implanted silver bearing external ventricular drainage catheters. Clinical neurology and neurosurgery, 122, pp. 70-76. Elsevier 10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.04.018

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BACKGROUND

Bolt-kit systems are increasingly used as an alternative to conventional external cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage systems. Since 2009 we regularly utilize bolt-kit external ventricular drainage (EVD) systems with silver-bearing catheters inserted manually with a hand drill and skull screws for emergency ventriculostomy. For non-emergency situations, we use conventional ventriculostomy with subcutaneous tunneled silver-bearing catheters, performed in the operating room with a pneumatic drill. This retrospective analysis compared the two techniques in terms of infection rates.

METHODS

152 patients (aged 17-85 years, mean=55.4 years) were included in the final analysis; 95 received bolt-kit silver-bearing catheters and 57 received conventionally implanted silver-bearing catheters. The primary endpoint combined infection parameters: occurrence of positive CSF culture, colonization of catheter tips, or elevated CSF white blood cell counts (>4/μl). Secondary outcome parameters were presence of microorganisms in CSF or on catheter tips. Incidence of increased CSF cell counts and number of patients with catheter malposition were also compared.

RESULTS

The primary outcome, defined as analysis of combined infection parameters (occurrence of either positive CSF culture, colonization of the catheter tips or raised CSF white blood cell counts >4/μl)was not significantly different between the groups (58.9% bolt-kit group vs. 63.2% conventionally implanted group, p=0.61, chi-square-test). The bolt-kit group was non-inferior and not superior to the conventional group (relative risk reduction of 6.7%; 90% confidence interval: -19.9% to 25.6%). Secondary outcomes showed no statistically significant difference in the incidence of microorganisms in CSF (2.1% bolt-kit vs. 5.3% conventionally implanted; p=0.30; chi-square-test).

CONCLUSIONS

This analysis indicates that silver-bearing EVD catheters implanted with a bolt-kit system outside the operating room do not significantly elevate the risk of CSF infection as compared to conventional implant methods.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Head Organs and Neurology (DKNS) > Clinic of Neurology
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Head Organs and Neurology (DKNS) > Clinic of Neurosurgery

UniBE Contributor:

Fichtner, Jens, Jilch, Astrid, Stieglitz, Lennart, Beck, Jürgen, Raabe, Andreas, Z'Graggen, Werner Josef

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

0303-8467

Publisher:

Elsevier

Language:

English

Submitter:

Valentina Rossetti

Date Deposited:

18 Feb 2015 15:07

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 14:40

Publisher DOI:

10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.04.018

PubMed ID:

24908221

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Bolt-kit catheters, CSF infection, Cerebrospinal fluid infection, External ventricular drain, Silver-bearing catheters, Ventriculostomy

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.63397

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/63397

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