Monitoring and Switching of First-line Antiretroviral Therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: Collaborative Analysis of Adult Treatment Cohorts.

Haas, Andreas D.; Keiser, Olivia; Balestre, Eric; Brown, Steve; Bissagnene, Emmanuel; Chimbetete, Cleophas; Dabis, François; Davies, Mary-Ann; Hoffmann, Christopher J; Oyaro, Patrick; Parkes-Ratanshi, Rosalind; Reynolds, Steven J; Sikazwe, Izukanji; Wools-Kaloustian, Kara; Zannou, Djimon Marcel; Wandeler, Gilles; Egger, Matthias (2015). Monitoring and Switching of First-line Antiretroviral Therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: Collaborative Analysis of Adult Treatment Cohorts. The Lancet HIV, 2(7), e271-e278. Elsevier 10.1016/S2352-3018(15)00087-9

[img] Text
Haas LancetHIV 2015.pdf - Published Version
Restricted to registered users only
Available under License Publisher holds Copyright.

Download (326kB)
[img] Text
Haas LancetHIV 2015_supplmat.pdf - Supplemental Material
Restricted to registered users only
Available under License Publisher holds Copyright.

Download (318kB)

BACKGROUND

HIV-1 viral load (VL) testing is recommended to monitor antiretroviral therapy (ART) but not universally available. We examined monitoring of first-line and switching to second-line ART in sub-Saharan Africa, 2004-2013.

METHODS

Adult HIV-1 infected patients starting combination ART in 16 countries were included. Switching was defined as a change from a non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based regimen to a protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimen, with a change of ≥1 NRTI. Virological and immunological failures were defined per World Health Organization criteria. We calculated cumulative probabilities of switching and hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing routine VL monitoring, targeted VL monitoring, CD4 cell monitoring and clinical monitoring, adjusted for programme and individual characteristics.

FINDINGS

Of 297,825 eligible patients, 10,352 patients (3·5%) switched during 782,412 person-years of follow-up. Compared to CD4 monitoring hazard ratios for switching were 3·15 (95% CI 2·92-3·40) for routine VL, 1·21 (1·13-1·30) for targeted VL and 0·49 (0·43-0·56) for clinical monitoring. Overall 58.0% of patients with confirmed virological and 19·3% of patients with confirmed immunological failure switched within 2 years. Among patients who switched the percentage with evidence of treatment failure based on a single CD4 or VL measurement ranged from 32·1% with clinical to 84.3% with targeted VL monitoring. Median CD4 counts at switching were 215 cells/µl under routine VL monitoring but lower with other monitoring (114-133 cells/µl).

INTERPRETATION

Overall few patients switched to second-line ART and switching occurred late in the absence of routine viral load monitoring. Switching was more common and occurred earlier with targeted or routine viral load testing.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM)
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Haematology, Oncology, Infectious Diseases, Laboratory Medicine and Hospital Pharmacy (DOLS) > Clinic of Infectiology

Graduate School:

Graduate School for Health Sciences (GHS)

UniBE Contributor:

Haas, Andreas, Keiser, Olivia, Wandeler, Gilles, Egger, Matthias

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health
300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services

ISSN:

2352-3018

Publisher:

Elsevier

Language:

English

Submitter:

Doris Kopp Heim

Date Deposited:

27 Jul 2015 15:47

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 14:48

Publisher DOI:

10.1016/S2352-3018(15)00087-9

PubMed ID:

26423252

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.70462

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/70462

Actions (login required)

Edit item Edit item
Provide Feedback