High Rates of Smoking Especially in Female Crohn's Disease Patients and Low Use of Supportive Measures to Achieve Smoking Cessation--Data from the Swiss IBD Cohort Study

Biedermann, Luc; Fournier, Nicolas; Misselwitz, Benjamin; Frei, Pascal; Zeitz, Jonas; Manser, Christine N; Pittet, Valerie; Juillerat, Pascal; von Känel, Roland; Friederich, Michael; Vavricka, Stephan R; Rogler, Gerhard (2015). High Rates of Smoking Especially in Female Crohn's Disease Patients and Low Use of Supportive Measures to Achieve Smoking Cessation--Data from the Swiss IBD Cohort Study. Journal of Crohn's & Colitis, 9(10), pp. 819-829. Oxford University Press 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv113

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BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Smoking is a crucial environmental factor in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. However, knowledge on patient characteristics associated with smoking, time trends of smoking rates, gender differences and supportive measures to cease smoking provided by physicians is scarce. We aimed to address these questions in Swiss IBD patients.

METHODS

Prospectively obtained data from patients participating in the Swiss IBD Cohort Study was analysed and compared with the general Swiss population [GSP] matched by age, sex and year.

RESULTS

Among a total of 1770 IBD patients analysed [49.1% male], 29% are current smokers. More than twice as many patients with Crohn's disease [CD] are active smokers compared with ulcerative colitis [UC] [UC, 39.6% vs CD 15.3%, p < 0.001]. In striking contrast to the GSP, significantly more women than men with CD smoke [42.8% vs 35.8%, p = 0.025], with also an overall significantly increased smoking rate compared with the GSP in women but not men. The vast majority of smoking IBD patients [90.5%] claim to never have received any support to achieve smoking cessation, significantly more in UC compared with CD. We identify a significantly negative association of smoking and primary sclerosing cholangitis, indicative of a protective effect. Psychological distress in CD is significantly higher in smokers compared with non-smokers, but does not differ in UC.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite well-established detrimental effects, smoking rates in CD are alarmingly high with persistent and stagnating elevations compared with the GSP, especially in female patients. Importantly, there appears to be an unacceptable underuse of supportive measures to achieve smoking cessation.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gastro-intestinal, Liver and Lung Disorders (DMLL) > Clinic of Visceral Surgery and Medicine > Gastroenterology
04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > BioMedical Research (DBMR) > DCR Unit Sahli Building > Forschungsgruppe Neurologie

UniBE Contributor:

Juillerat, Pascal, von Känel, Roland, Friederich, Michael

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

1873-9946

Publisher:

Oxford University Press

Language:

English

Submitter:

Romina Theiler

Date Deposited:

16 Mar 2016 13:53

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 14:52

Publisher DOI:

10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv113

PubMed ID:

26116554

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Smoking; gender differences; smoking cessation

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.77010

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/77010

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