Racial Disparities in Access to and Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Results From the ESPN/ERA-EDTA (European Society of Pediatric Nephrology/European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association) Registry.

Tjaden, Lidwien A; Noordzij, Marlies; van Stralen, Karlijn J; Kuehni, Claudia E; Raes, Ann; Cornelissen, Elisabeth A M; O'Brien, Catherine; Papachristou, Fotios; Schaefer, Franz; Groothoff, Jaap W; Jager, Kitty J (2016). Racial Disparities in Access to and Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Results From the ESPN/ERA-EDTA (European Society of Pediatric Nephrology/European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association) Registry. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 67(2), pp. 293-301. W.B. Saunders 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.09.023

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BACKGROUND

Racial disparities in kidney transplantation in children have been found in the United States, but have not been studied before in Europe.

STUDY DESIGN

Cohort study.

SETTING & PARTICIPANTS

Data were derived from the ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry, an international pediatric renal registry collecting data from 36 European countries. This analysis included 1,134 young patients (aged ≤19 years) from 8 medium- to high-income countries who initiated renal replacement therapy (RRT) in 2006 to 2012.

FACTOR

Racial background.

OUTCOMES & MEASUREMENTS

Differences between racial groups in access to kidney transplantation, transplant survival, and overall survival on RRT were examined using Cox regression analysis while adjusting for age at RRT initiation, sex, and country of residence.

RESULTS

868 (76.5%) patients were white; 59 (5.2%), black; 116 (10.2%), Asian; and 91 (8.0%), from other racial groups. After a median follow-up of 2.8 (range, 0.1-3.0) years, we found that black (HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.34-0.72) and Asian (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.41-0.71) patients were less likely to receive a kidney transplant than white patients. These disparities persisted after adjustment for primary renal disease. Transplant survival rates were similar across racial groups. Asian patients had higher overall mortality risk on RRT compared with white patients (HR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.14-5.49). Adjustment for primary kidney disease reduced the effect of Asian background, suggesting that part of the association may be explained by differences in the underlying kidney disease between racial groups.

LIMITATIONS

No data for socioeconomic status, blood group, and HLA profile.

CONCLUSIONS

We believe this is the first study examining racial differences in access to and outcomes of kidney transplantation in a large European population. We found important differences with less favorable outcomes for black and Asian patients. Further research is required to address the barriers to optimal treatment among racial minority groups.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM)

UniBE Contributor:

Kühni, Claudia

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health
300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services

ISSN:

0272-6386

Publisher:

W.B. Saunders

Language:

English

Submitter:

Doris Kopp Heim

Date Deposited:

07 Jun 2016 13:25

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 14:56

Publisher DOI:

10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.09.023

PubMed ID:

26561356

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Children Europe adolescents ethnic minority health disparity health policy immigrant kidney transplantation pediatric racial disparities renal disease renal replacement therapy (RRT)

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.83615

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/83615

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