Combining randomized and non-randomized evidence in network meta-analysis.

Efthimiou, Orestis; Mavridis, Dimitris; Debray, Thomas P A; Samara, Myrto; Belger, Mark; Siontis, George C M; Leucht, Stefan; Salanti, Georgia (2017). Combining randomized and non-randomized evidence in network meta-analysis. Statistics in medicine, 36(8), pp. 1210-1226. Wiley-Blackwell 10.1002/sim.7223

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Non-randomized studies aim to reveal whether or not interventions are effective in real-life clinical practice, and there is a growing interest in including such evidence in the decision-making process. We evaluate existing methodologies and present new approaches to using non-randomized evidence in a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) when the aim is to assess relative treatment effects. We first discuss how to assess compatibility between the two types of evidence. We then present and compare an array of alternative methods that allow the inclusion of non-randomized studies in a network meta-analysis of RCTs: the naïve data synthesis, the design-adjusted synthesis, the use of non-randomized evidence as prior information and the use of three-level hierarchical models. We apply some of the methods in two previously published clinical examples comparing percutaneous interventions for the treatment of coronary in-stent restenosis and antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia. We discuss in depth the advantages and limitations of each method, and we conclude that the inclusion of real-world evidence from non-randomized studies has the potential to corroborate findings from RCTs, increase precision and enhance the decision-making process. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM)
04 Faculty of Medicine > Medical Education > Institute of General Practice and Primary Care (BIHAM)
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Cardiovascular Disorders (DHGE) > Clinic of Cardiology

UniBE Contributor:

Efthimiou, Orestis, Siontis, Georgios, Salanti, Georgia

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health
300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services

ISSN:

0277-6715

Publisher:

Wiley-Blackwell

Language:

English

Submitter:

Doris Kopp Heim

Date Deposited:

17 Jan 2017 13:58

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 15:01

Publisher DOI:

10.1002/sim.7223

PubMed ID:

28083901

Uncontrolled Keywords:

cohort studies mixed treatment comparison multiple treatments meta-analysis observational data observational evidence observational studies

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.93451

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/93451

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