Gaze Strategies in skateboard trick jumps: Spatiotemporal constraints in complex locomotion

Klostermann, André; Küng, Philip (2017). Gaze Strategies in skateboard trick jumps: Spatiotemporal constraints in complex locomotion. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 88(1), pp. 101-107. Taylor & Francis 10.1080/02701367.2016.1229864

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Purpose. This study aimed to further the knowledge on gaze behavior in locomotion by stud-ying gaze strategies in skateboard jumps of different difficulty that had to be performed ei-ther with or without an obstacle. Method. Nine experienced skateboarders performed “Ollie” and “Kickflip” jumps over either an obstacle or over plane surface. The stable gaze at five different areas of interest was calculated regarding its relative duration as well as its temporal order. Results. Over the approach phase, an interaction between area of interest and obstacle condition, F(3, 24) = 12.91, p < .05, ηp2 = .62, was found with longer stable-gaze locations at the take-off area in attempts with an obstacle (p < .05, ηp2 = .47). In contrast, in attempts over plane surface longer stable gaze locations at the skateboard were revealed (p < .05, ηp2 = .73). Regarding the trick-difficulty factor, the skateboarders descriptively showed longer stable gaze locations at the skateboard for the “Kickflip” than for the “Ollie” in the no-obstacle condition only (p > .05, d = 0.74). Finally, over the jump phase, neither obstacle condition nor trick difficulty affected gaze behavior differentially. Conclusions. This study underlines the functional adaptability of the visuomotor system to changing demands in highly dynamic situations. As a function of certain constraints, different gaze strategies were observed that can be considered as being highly relevant for successfully performing skateboard jumps.

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