Laboratory Diagnosis of Echinococcus spp. in Human Patients and Infected Animals.

Siles-Lucas, M; Casulli, A; Conraths, F J; Müller, Norbert (2017). Laboratory Diagnosis of Echinococcus spp. in Human Patients and Infected Animals. Advances in Parasitology, 96, pp. 159-257. Elsevier 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.09.003

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Among the species composing the genus Echinococcus, four species are of human clinical interest. The most prevalent species are Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis, followed by Echinococcus vogeli and Echinococcus oligarthrus. The first two species cause cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE) respectively. Both diseases have a complex clinical management, in which laboratory diagnosis could be an adjunctive to the imaging techniques. To date, several approaches have been described for the laboratory diagnosis and followup of CE and AE, including antibody, antigen and cytokine detection. All of these approaches are far from being optimal as adjunctive diagnosis particularly for CE, since they do not reach enough sensitivity and/or specificity. A combination of several methods (e.g., antibody and antigen detection) or of several (recombinant) antigens could improve the performance of the adjunctive laboratory methods, although the complexity of echinococcosis and heterogeneity of clinical cases make necessary a deep understanding of the host-parasite relationships and the parasite phenotype at different developmental stages to reach the best diagnostic tool and to make it accepted in clinical practice. Standardization approaches and a deep understanding of the performance of each of the available antigens in the diagnosis of echinococcosis for the different clinical pictures are also needed. The detection of the parasite in definitive hosts is also reviewed in this chapter. Finally, the different methods for the detection of parasite DNA in different analytes and matrices are also reviewed.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	05 Veterinary Medicine > Research Foci > Host-Pathogen Interaction 05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP) > Institute of Parasitology 05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP)
UniBE Contributor:	Müller, Norbert
Subjects:	600 Technology > 630 Agriculture 500 Science > 570 Life sciences; biology
ISSN:	2163-6079
Publisher:	Elsevier
Language:	English
Submitter:	Norbert Müller
Date Deposited:	11 Aug 2017 16:10
Last Modified:	05 Dec 2022 15:04
Publisher DOI:	10.1016/bs.apar.2016.09.003
PubMed ID:	28212789
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Animals; Antibodies; Antigens; Cytokines; DNA; Echinococcus; Followup; Laboratory diagnosis; Lymphoproliferation; Patients
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/98094