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Journal Article

Maier, Manuela; Adam, Silke; Gil Lopez, Teresa; Makhortykh, Mykola; Bromme, Laurits; Christner, Clara; De León, Ernesto; Urman, Aleksandra (2024). Populist radical-right attitudes, political involvement and selective information consumption: who tunes out and who prefers attitude-consonant information. Mass Communication and Society Routledge 10.1080/15205436.2024.2310156

Urman, Aleksandra; Hannák, Anikó; Makhortykh, Mykola (2024). User Attitudes to Content Moderation in Web Search. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 8(CSCW1), pp. 1-27. 10.1145/3637423

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola (2023). How transparent are transparency reports? Comparative analysis of transparency reporting across online platforms. Telecommunications Policy, 47(3), p. 102477. Elsevier 10.1016/j.telpol.2022.102477

Adam, Silke; Urman, Aleksandra; Arlt, Dorothee; Gil-Lopez, Teresa; Makhortykh, Mykola; Maier, Michaela (2023). Media Trust and the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Short-Term Trust Changes, Their Ideological Drivers and Consequences in Switzerland. Communication research, 50(2), pp. 205-229. Sage 10.1177/00936502221127484

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola; Ulloa, Roberto; Sydorova, Maryna; Kulshrestha, Juhi (2023). Constants and variables: How does the visual representation of the Holocaust by AI change over time. Eastern european holocaust studies, 1(2), pp. 365-371. De Gruyter 10.1515/eehs-2023-0055

Ulloa, Roberto; Richter, Ana Carolina; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Kacperski, Celina Sylwia (2022). Representativeness and face-ism: Gender bias in image search. New media & society, 26(6), pp. 3541-3567. Sage 10.1177/14614448221100699

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola (2022). "Foreign beauties want to meet you": The sexualization of women in Google's organic and sponsored text search results. New media & society, 26(5), pp. 2932-2953. Sage 10.1177/14614448221099536

Ulloa, Roberto; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra (2022). Scaling up search engine audits: Practical insights for algorithm auditing. Journal of information science, 50(2), pp. 404-419. Sage 10.1177/01655515221093029

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola; Ulloa, Roberto (2022). Auditing the representation of migrants in image web search results. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 9(1), p. 130. Springer Nature 10.1057/s41599-022-01144-1

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Münch, Felix Victor; Heldt, Amélie; Dreyer, Stephan; Kettemann, Matthias C. (2022). Not all who are bots are evil: A cross-platform analysis of automated agent governance. New media & society, 24(4), pp. 964-981. Sage 10.1177/14614448221079035

de León, Ernesto; Makhortykh, Mykola; Gil-Lopez, Teresa; Urman, Aleksandra; Adam, Silke (2022). News, Threats, and Trust: How COVID-19 News Shaped Political Trust, and How Threat Perceptions Conditioned This Relationship. The international journal of press/politics, 28(4), pp. 952-974. Sage 10.1177/19401612221087179

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Wijermars, Mariëlle (2022). A story of (non)compliance, bias, and conspiracies: How Google and Yandex represented Smart Voting during the 2021 parliamentary elections in Russia. Harvard Kennedy School misinformation review, 3(2), pp. 1-16. Harvard Kennedy School 10.37016/mr-2020-94

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola; Ulloa, Roberto; Kulshrestha, Juhi (2022). Where the Earth is flat and 9/11 is an inside job: A comparative algorithm audit of conspiratorial information in web search results. Telematics and informatics, 72, p. 101860. Elsevier 10.1016/j.tele.2022.101860

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (2022). Memory, counter-memory and denialism: How search engines circulate information about the Holodomor-related memory wars. Memory studies, 15(60), pp. 1330-1345. Sage 10.1177/17506980221133732

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Gil-Lopez, Teresa; Ulloa, Roberto (2021). To track or not to track: examining perceptions of online tracking for information behavior research. Internet research, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1-20. Emerald 10.1108/INTR-01-2021-0074

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (2021). Hey, Google, is it what the Holocaust looked like? Auditing algorithmic curation of visual historical content on Web search engines. First Monday, 26(10) University of Illinois 10.5210/fm.v26i10.11562

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola (2021). There can be only one truth: Ideological segregation and online news communities in Ukraine. Global media and communication, 17(2), pp. 167-187. Sage 10.1177/17427665211009930

Christner, Clara; Urman, Aleksandra; Adam, Silke; Maier, Michaela (2021). Automated Tracking Approaches for Studying Online Media Use: A Critical Review and Recommendations. Communication methods and measures, 16(2), pp. 79-95. Taylor & Francis 10.1080/19312458.2021.1907841

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola; Ulloa, Roberto (2021). The Matter of Chance: Auditing Web Search Results Related to the 2020 U.S. Presidential Primary Elections Across Six Search Engines. Social science computer review, 40(5), pp. 1323-1339. Sage 10.1177/08944393211006863

Urman, Aleksandra; Katz, Stefan (2020). What they do in the shadows: examining the far-right networks on Telegram. Information, communication & society, 25(7), pp. 904-923. Taylor & Francis 10.1080/1369118X.2020.1803946

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Roberto, Ulloa (2020). How search engines disseminate information about COVID-19 and why they should do better. The Harvard Kennedy School (HKS) Misinformation Review, 1 10.37016/mr-2020-017

Urman, Aleksandra (2019). Context matters: political polarization on Twitter from a comparative perspective. Media, culture & society, 42(6), pp. 857-879. Sage 10.1177/0163443719876541

Book Section

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (2023). This Is What Pandemic Looks Like: Visual Framing of COVID-19 on Search Engines. In: Vakoch, Douglas A.; Pollock, John C.; Caleb, Amanda M. (eds.) COVID Communication: Exploring Pandemic Discourse (pp. 113-123). Springer 10.1007/978-3-031-27665-1_9

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto; Kulshrestha, Juhi (2023). Can an algorithm remember the Holocaust? Comparative algorithmic audit of Holocaust-related information on search engines. In: Groschek, Iris; Knoch, Habbo (eds.) Digital Memory: Neue Perspektiven für die Erinnerungsarbeit. Beiträge zur Geschichte der nationalsozialistischen Verfolgung: Vol. 4 (pp. 79-93). Wallstein Verlag

Conference or Workshop Item

Makhortykh, Mykola; Adam, Silke; Keller, Franziska; Sydorova, Maryna; Urman, Aleksandra (6 September 2023). Auditing the effect of search personalisation on the visibility of COVID- and Holocaust-related misinformation on Google in Switzerland (Unpublished). In: ECPR 2023. 4-8 September 2023.

Kuznetsova, Elizaveta; Makhortykh, Mykola; Baghumyan, Ani; Urman, Aleksandra (6 September 2023). In ChatGPT we trust? Auditing how generative AIs understand and detect online political misinformation (Unpublished). In: ECPR 2023. 4-8 September 2023.

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola; Katz, Stefan (20 July 2023). Channels of war: Exploring Ukrainian and Russian Telegramspheres during the Russian invasion of Ukraine (Unpublished). In: IC2S2. 17-20 July 2023.

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola (20 July 2023). Engagement with pro- and anti-regime framing of the war in Ukraine on Russian social media (Unpublished). In: IC2S2. 17-20 July 2023.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto; Sydorova, Maryna; Kulshrestha, Juhi (20 July 2023). Does it get better with time? Web search consistency and relevance in the visual representation of the Holocaust (Unpublished). In: IC2S2. 17-20 July 2023.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Adam, Silke; Sydorova, Maryna; Keller, Franziska; Urman, Aleksandra (19 July 2023). Auditing YouTube algorithms in relation to Holocaust and COVID misinformation (Unpublished). In: IC2S2. 17-20 July 2023.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto; Sydorova, Maryna (2023). We are not the same: How web search engines shape memory about Holocaust perpetrators and survivors (Unpublished). In: MSA. Newcastle, UK. 3-7 July 2023.

Sydorova, Maryna; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra (2023). Seen it all before: Instrumentalisation of Holocaust memory in Russian Twittersphere (Unpublished). In: MSA. Newcastle, UK. 3-7 July 2023.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Wijermars, Mariëlle (30 May 2022). Authoritarian News Personalisation and the 2021 Russian Parliamentary Elections (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual ICA Conference - "One world, one network?!". Paris, France. 26.05.-30.05.2022.

Gil-Lopez, Teresa; Christner, Clara; de León, Ernesto; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra (30 May 2022). Do (Not!) Track Me: Relationship Between Willingness to Participate and Sample Composition in Online Information Behavior Tracking Research (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual ICA Conference - "One world, one network?!". Paris, France. 26.05.-30.05.2022.

Wijermars, Mariëlle; Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola (29 May 2022). To Comply, or Not to Comply: Search Engine Censorship and the 2021 Parliamentary Elections in Russia (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual ICA Conference - "One world, one network?!". Paris, France. 26.05.-30.05.2022.

Makhortykh, Mykola; de León, Ernesto; Urman, Aleksandra; Gil-Lopez, Teresa; Christner, Clara; Adam, Silke; Maier, Michaela (29 May 2022). Panning for Gold: Lessons Learned From Automated Classification of Political and Populist Radical Right Content for German Textual Content (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual ICA Conference - "One world, one network?!". Paris, France. 26.05.-30.05.2022.

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola; Ulloa, Roberto; Kulshrestha, Juhi (29 May 2022). Where the Earth Is Flat and 9/11 Is an Inside Job: A Comparative Algorithm Audit of Conspiratorial Information in Web Search Results (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual ICA Conference - "One world, one network?!". Paris, France. 26.05.-30.05.2022.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto; Kulshrestha, Juhi (29 May 2022). Comparative Algorithm Audit of Representation of Mass Atrocities on Web Search Engines (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual ICA Conference - "One world, one network?!". Paris, France. 26.05.-30.05.2022.

Kuznetsova, Elizaveta; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (28 May 2022). Media Representations and Bias in Search Engines: Framing of the Russian COVID-19 Vaccine (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual ICA Conference - "One world, one network?!". Paris, France. 26.05.-30.05.2022.

Ulloa, Roberto; Richter, Ana Carolina; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Kacperski, Celina Sylwia (28 May 2022). Representativeness and Face-Ism: Gender Bias in Image Search (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual ICA Conference - "One world, one network?!". Paris, France. 26.05.-30.05.2022.

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola (28 May 2022). You Are How (and Where) You Search? Comparative Analysis of Web Search Behaviour Using Web Tracking Data (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual ICA Conference - "One world, one network?!". Paris, France. 26.05.-30.05.2022.

Adam, Silke; Maier, Michaela; Aigenseer, Viktor; Makhortykh, Mykola; Ulloa, Roberto; Urman, Aleksandra; Christner, Clara; Gil-Lopez, Teresa (28 May 2022). One Does Not Simply Analyze Tracking Data: Challenges of Utilizing Large-Scale Tracking Collections for Communication Research (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual ICA Conference - "One world, one network?!". Paris, France. 26.05.-30.05.2022.

Ulloa, Roberto; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra (27 May 2022). Algorithm Auditing at a Large-Scale: Insights From Search Engine Audits (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual ICA Conference - "One world, one network?!". Paris, France. 26.05.-30.05.2022.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto; Kulshrestha, Juhi (24 May 2022). Can an algorithm remember the Holocaust? Comparative algorithmic audit of Holocaust-related information on search engines (Unpublished). In: Connected Histories 2022: Memories and Narratives of the Holocaust in Digital Space: 1. EHRI-AT-Konferenz. Wien. 23.05.-24.05.2022.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (26 March 2022). Memory, counter-memory, and denialism: How search algorithms select information about the Holodomor (Unpublished). In: 3rd Annual Taras Shevchenko Conference. Indiana University (Bloomington). 25.03.-27.03.2022.

Makhortykh, Mykola; de León Williams, Ernesto Emiliano; Christner, Clara; Sydorova, Maryna; Urman, Aleksandra; Adam, Silke; Maier, Michaela; Gil-Lopez, Teresa (2022). Is a single model enough? Lessons learned from systematically comparing automated classifications of populist radical right content in German (Unpublished). In: ECPR General Conference. Innsbruck. 22-26 August 2022.

Kuznetsova, Elizaveta; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (2022). Why not just give it a shot? How the Russian COVID-19 vaccines are framed by web search engines (Unpublished). In: Computational Communication Research in Central and Eastern Europe. Helsinki. June 27-29 2022.

de León Williams, Ernesto Emiliano; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (2022). Googling the ‘Big Lie’: How search engine algorithms determined exposure of the US 2020 presidential conspiracy (Unpublished). In: Computational Communication Research in Central and Eastern Europe. Helsinki. June 27-29 2022.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (2022). Hey Google, what was the Holocaust about? Auditing how search engine algorithms structure memories about mass atrocities (Unpublished). In: Communicating Memory Matters: Next Steps in the Study of Media Remembering and Communicative Commemoration. Salzburg. June 30-July 1 2022.

Maier, Michaela; Adam, Silke; Gil-Lopez, Teresa; Makhortykh, Mykola; Bromme, Laurits; Christner, Clara; De Leon, Ernesto; Urman, Aleksandra (2022). Populist Radical-Right Attitudes and Selective Information Exposure: Studying Who Tunes Out and Who Prefers Attitude-Consonant Information (Unpublished). In: 72nd Annual International Communication Association (ICA) conference. 26.-31. Mai 2022.

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola (2 December 2021). New platforms, old trolls: How political trolling in Russia adapts to new platform affordances (Unpublished). In: ASEEES 2021, 53rd Annual Convention. Virtual. 01.12.-03.12.2021.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Wijermars, Mariëlle (26 October 2021). Authoritarian news personalisation on Yandex.Zen during the 2021 Russian parliamentary elections (Unpublished). In: Electoral Integrity and Malpractice in Russia and Beyond: New Challenges and Responses. International workshop. Helsinki, Finland. 25.10.-26.10.2021.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Münch, Felix; Heldt, Amelie; Dreyer, Stephan; Kettemann, Matthias (7 October 2021). Never send a human to do a machine's job? A cross-platform analysis of policies, mechanisms, and practices of automated agent governance (Unpublished). In: 4S Annual Meeting 2021. 6-9 October 2021.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Maier, Michaela; Aigenseer, Viktor; Ulloa, Roberto; Urman, Aleksandra; Christner, Clara; Gil-Lopez, Teresa; Adam, Silke (7 September 2021). Tell me what you browse: Using browser tracking to study (political) information behaviour (Unpublished). In: 8th European Communication Conference (ECREA 2021) - "Communication and trust". Online. 06.09.-09.09.2021.

Gil-Lopez, Teresa; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra (7 September 2021). Do (not!) track me: Relationship between willingness to participate and representativeness of online information behavior tracking research (Unpublished). In: 8th European Communication Conference (ECREA 2021) - "Communication and trust". Online. 06.09.-09.09.2021.

Adam, Silke; Maier, Michaela; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Christner, Clara; de León, Ernesto; Gil Lopez, Teresa (29 July 2021). Pushing research on user-centric information exposure forward: bringing tracking, survey and automated text classification together (Unpublished). In: IC2S2. Zurich. 27.07.-31.07.2021.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (27 May 2021). Hey, Google, Is it What the Holocaust Really Looked Like? Auditing Biases in Visual Representation of the Holocaust on Web Search Engines (Unpublished). In: 71st Annual ICA conference - "Engaging the Essential Work of Care: Communication, Connectedness, and Social Justice". Virtual. 27.05.-31.05.2021.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (27 May 2021). Auditing Algorithmic Content Curation on Search Engines Using Virtual Agents (Unpublished). In: 71st Annual ICA conference - "Engaging the Essential Work of Care: Communication, Connectedness, and Social Justice". Virtual. 27.05-31.05.2021.

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola (27 May 2021). Do women "sell" better than men? Auditing gender and ethnic biases in Google search results (Unpublished). In: 71st Annual ICA conference - "Engaging the Essential Work of Care: Communication, Connectedness, and Social Justice". Virtual. 27.05-31.05.2021.

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola; Ulloa, Roberto (27 May 2021). Visual representation of migrants in Web search results (Unpublished). In: 71st Annual ICA conference - "Engaging the Essential Work of Care: Communication, Connectedness, and Social Justice". Virtual. 27.05-31.05.2021.

de León, Ernesto; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra (27 May 2021). Where did you come from, where did you go? Pathways to news in Germany and Switzerland (Unpublished). In: 71st Annual ICA conference - "Engaging the Essential Work of Care: Communication, Connectedness, and Social Justice". Virtual. 27.05-31.05.2021.

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola; Ulloa, Roberto (19 April 2021). Auditing Source Diversity Bias in Video Search Results Using Virtual Agents. In: WWW '21: The Web Conference 2021. Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2021 (pp. 232-236). New York, NY, United States: Association for Computing Machinery 10.1145/3442442.3452306

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola; Ulloa, Roberto (12 April 2021). Auditing source diversity bias in video search results using virtual agents (Unpublished). In: Third Workshop on Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, Ethics and Society on the Web (FATES on the Web 2021). Ljubljana, Slovenia. 12-23 April 2021.

Adam, Silke; Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Christner, Clara; Lopez, Teresa Gil; Maier, Michaela (9 April 2021). Media consumption and conspiracy beliefs in COVID-19 times – combing tracking and survey research (Unpublished). In: Dreiländertagung für Kommunikationswissenschaft (DACH 21). Online. 07.04.-09.04.2021.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Adam, Silke; Maier, Michaela; Urman, Aleksandra; Lopez, Teresa Gil; Christner, Clara; de León, Ernesto (9 April 2021). News at the time of crisis: Comparing desktop- and mobile-based browsing behaviour during COVID-19 pandemic (Unpublished). In: Dreiländertagung für Kommunikationswissenschaft (DACH 21). Online. 07.04.-09.04.2021.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (8 April 2021). Hey, Google, tell me what the Holocaust looked like: Visual framing of mass atrocities by search engines (Unpublished). In: DACH 21: Kommunikation #(R)Evolution. Zürich. 7. – 9. April 2021.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (7 April 2021). Scaling virtual agent-based testing for cross-platform analysis of algorithmic content curation (Unpublished). In: DACH 21: Kommunikation #(R)Evolution. Zürich. 7. bis 9. April 202.

Makhortykh, Mykola; Urman, Aleksandra; Ulloa, Roberto (1 April 2021). Detecting race and gender bias in visual representation of AI on web search engines (Unpublished). In: Second International Workshop on Algorithmic Bias in Search and Recommendation (Bias 2021). Lucca, Tuscany. April 1, 2021 09:00-16:30 - ONLINE EVENT.

Working Paper

Kuznetsova, Elizaveta; Makhortykh, Mykola; Sydorova, Maryna; Urman, Aleksandra; Vitulano, Ilaria; Stolze, Martha (24 January 2024). Algorithmically Curated Lies: How Search Engines Handle Misinformation about US Biolabs in Ukraine (arXiv). Cornell University 10.48550/arXiv.2401.13832

Urman, Aleksandra; Makhortykh, Mykola; Hannak, Aniko (20 January 2024). Mapping the Field of Algorithm Auditing: A Systematic Literature Review Identifying Research Trends, Linguistic and Geographical Disparities (arXiv). Cornell University 10.48550/arXiv.2401.11194

Adam, Silke; Makhortykh, Mykola; Maier, Michaela; Aigenseer, Viktor; Urman, Aleksandra; Gil-Lopez, Teresa; Christner, Clara; de León, Ernesto; Ulloa, Roberto (2024). Improving the quality of individual-level online information tracking: Challenges of existing approaches and introduction of a new content-and long-tail sensitive academic solution Cornell University 10.48550/arXiv.2403.02931

Kuznetsova, Elizaveta; Makhortykh, Mykola; Vziatysheva, Victoria; Stolze, Martha; Baghumyan, Ani; Urman, Aleksandra (20 December 2023). In Generative AI we Trust: Can Chatbots Effectively Verify Political Information? (arXiv). Cornell University 10.48550/arXiv.2312.13096

Makhortykh, Mykola; de León, Ernesto; Urman, Aleksandra; Christner, Clara; Sydorova, Maryna; Adam, Silke; Maier, Michaela; Gil-Lopez, Teresa (2022). Panning for gold: Lessons learned from the platform-agnostic automated detection of political content in textual data (Submitted) (arXiv). Cornell University 10.48550/arxiv.2207.00489

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