Antike und moderne Propaganda

Meister, Jan B. (2021). Antike und moderne Propaganda. Historische Zeitschrift, 312(3), pp. 587-613. De Gruyter Oldenbourg 10.1515/hzhz-2021-0013

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Classical Antiquity played a prominent role in the propaganda of fascist Italy. This instrumentalization of Antiquity through modern propaganda changed the way Antiquity itself was seen. During this time, occasionally under direct impression of fascist propaganda, classicists began to see modern propaganda in Antiquity: in striking contrast to the decades before, ancient texts and monuments were now attributed a completely different impact and intent. The time-related anachronisms of this view are obvious, but the fascist staging of antiquity did reveal a possible effect of ancient monuments that had not been seen before and which is not per se ‚wrong‘. It is further significant that these anachronisms focus on the Roman imperial period: the striking omnipresence of images, a representation centred on urban spaces and the strong focus of this representation on the person of the ruler apparently made this period within premodern times especially susceptible to modern anachronisms. Examining the transfer of the modern concept of propaganda to the ancient world therefore should not primarily aim at uncovering anachronisms, but should be used as a heuristic tool to highlight the peculiarity of Antiquity within the premodern era.

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