Sphingosine kinase 2 deficient mice exhibit reduced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: Resistance to FTY720 but not ST-968 treatments

Imeri, Faik; Schwalm, Stephanie; Lyck, Ruth; Zivkovic, Aleksandra; Stark, Holger; Engelhardt, Britta; Pfeilschifter, Josef; Huwiler, Andrea (2016). Sphingosine kinase 2 deficient mice exhibit reduced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: Resistance to FTY720 but not ST-968 treatments. Neuropharmacology, 105, pp. 341-350. Elsevier 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.01.031

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The immunomodulatory drug FTY720 is presently approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. It is a prodrug that requires activation by sphingosine kinase 2 (SK-2) to induce T cell homing to secondary lymphoid tissue. In this study, we have investigated the role of SK-2 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6 mice. We show that SK-2 deficiency reduced clinical symptoms of EAE. Furthermore, in SK-2-deficient mice, the protective effect of FTY720 on EAE was abolished, while the non-prodrug FTY720-derivative ST-968 was still fully active. Protection was paralleled by reduced numbers of T-lymphocytes in blood and a reduced blood-brain-barrier leakage. This correlated with reduced mRNA expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, but enhanced expression of PECAM-1. A similar regulation of permeability and of PECAM-1 was seen in primary cultures of isolated mouse brain vascular endothelial cells and in a human immortalized cell line upon SK-2 knockdown. In summary, these data demonstrated that deletion of SK-2 exerts a protective effect on the pathogenesis of EAE in C57BL/6 mice and that SK-2 is essential for the protective effect of FTY720 but not of ST-968. Thus, ST-968 is a promising novel immunomodulatory compound that may be a valuable alternative to FTY720 under conditions where SK-2 activity is limited.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Pharmacology
04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Theodor Kocher Institute

Graduate School:

Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences (GCB)

UniBE Contributor:

Imeri, Faik, Schwalm, Stephanie, Lyck, Ruth, Engelhardt, Britta, Huwiler, Andrea

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

0028-3908

Publisher:

Elsevier

Language:

English

Submitter:

Debora Scherrer

Date Deposited:

14 Mar 2016 15:27

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 14:53

Publisher DOI:

10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.01.031

PubMed ID:

26808312

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Blood-brain-barrier; Endothelial cells; Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; FTY720; ST-968; Sphingosine kinase 2

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.79017

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/79017

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