Field performance of the Determine HBsAg point-of-care test for diagnosis of hepatitis B virus co-infection among HIV patients in Zambia.

Chisenga, Caroline C; Musukuma, Kalo; Chilengi, Roma; Zürcher, Samuel; Munamunungu, Virginia; Siyunda, Alice; Ojok, David; Bauer, Sophie; Wandeler, Gilles; Vinikoor, Michael (2018). Field performance of the Determine HBsAg point-of-care test for diagnosis of hepatitis B virus co-infection among HIV patients in Zambia. Journal of clinical virology, 98, pp. 5-7. Elsevier 10.1016/j.jcv.2017.11.005

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BACKGROUND

We evaluated the field performance of a rapid point-of-care (POC) test for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) that could support decentralization and scale-up of hepatitis B virus (HBV) diagnosis in Africa.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the field performance of the Determine HBsAg POC test for diagnosis of HBV co-infection among HIV patients in Zambia.

STUDY DESIGN

Between 2013-2014, we screened HIV-infected adults for HBsAg at two urban clinics in Zambia. A subset were tested with the POC Determine HBsAg (Alere, USA) by finger prick in the clinic and HBsAg serology (Access2Analyzer, Beckman Coulter) at a reference laboratory. If either test was reactive, we determined HBV viral load (VL) and genotype. We described patient demographic and clinical characteristics (including liver fibrosis) and assessed the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of the Determine test. In secondary analyses, we assessed sensitivity among patients with replicating HBV (i.e., VL>20 IU/ml) and with high HBV VL (i.e.,>20,000IU/ml).

RESULTS

Among 412 participants with both HBsAg tests, median age was 34 years, 51% were women, and median CD4 was 208 cells/mm3. By serology, 66 (16%) were HBsAg-positive. Overall Determine had 87.9% sensitivity, 99.7% specificity, 98.3% PPV, and 97.7% NPV. Six of 8 patients with false negative results had undetectable HBV VL and no evidence of significant liver fibrosis. Test sensitivity was 95.9% among the 51 with replicating HBV and 100% among the 28 with high HBV VL.

CONCLUSIONS

Determine HBsAg is a cheaper alternative HBV testing option compared to the gold standard ELISA and has high specificity and good sensitivity in the field among HIV-infected individuals.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM)
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Haematology, Oncology, Infectious Diseases, Laboratory Medicine and Hospital Pharmacy (DOLS) > Clinic of Infectiology
04 Faculty of Medicine > Service Sector > Institute for Infectious Diseases

UniBE Contributor:

Musukuma, Kalo, Zürcher, Samuel, Bauer, Sophie, Wandeler, Gilles

Subjects:

300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health
500 Science > 570 Life sciences; biology

ISSN:

1386-6532

Publisher:

Elsevier

Language:

English

Submitter:

Annelies Luginbühl

Date Deposited:

11 Jan 2018 11:51

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 15:08

Publisher DOI:

10.1016/j.jcv.2017.11.005

PubMed ID:

29175231

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Assay performance Hepatitis B virus Hiv/aids Liver fibrosis Point-of-care test

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.107674

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/107674

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