De Martin, Elena; Golomingi, Antoinette; Zahno, Marie-Luise; Cachim, J; Di Labio, E; Perler, L; Abril Gaona, Carlos; Zanoni, Reto Giacomo; Bertoni, Giuseppe (2019). Diagnostic response to a cross-border challenge for the Swiss caprine arthritis encephalitis virus eradication program. Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde, 161(2), pp. 93-104. Gesellschaft Schweizer Tierärztinnen und Tierärzte 10.17236/sat00196
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INTRODUCTION
Animal trading between countries with different small ruminant lentivirus infectious status is a potential danger for the reintroduction of eradicated genotypes. This was the case in 2017 with the importation of a large flock of seropositive goats into Switzerland. The handling of this case permitted us to test the preventive measures in place. The coordination between the local veterinarian and the cantonal and federal veterinary authorities worked efficiently and rapidly involved the national reference center in the investigations. This case posed a challenge for the reference center and enabled scrutiny of the applied diagnostic tests. ELISA and western blot provided consistent results and pointed to an unusually high infection rate in the flock. This was confirmed by the isolation of several viruses from different organs and cells, demonstrating that the spleen is particularly well suited for isolation of small ruminant lentiviruses. The SU5-ELISA, designed to predict the subtype of the infecting virus, correctly pointed to a B1 subtype as the infectious agent. We confirmed that with this test it is necessary to analyze a representative number of samples from a flock and not just individual sera to obtain reliable results. This analysis permitted us to identify particular amino acid residues in the SU5 peptides that may be crucial in determining the subtype specificity of antibody binding. Different gag-pol and env regions were amplified by PCR using primers designed for this purpose. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a surprisingly high heterogeneity of the sequences, pointing to multiple infections within single animals and the entire flock. In conclusion, this case showed that the defense of the CAEV negative status of the Swiss goat population with respect to the virulent, prototypic B1 subtype of small ruminant lentiviruses, requires, among other measures, a diagnostic facility capable of performing a thorough analysis of the collected samples.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
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Division/Institute: |
05 Veterinary Medicine > Research Foci > Veterinary Public Health / Herd Health Management 05 Veterinary Medicine > Research Foci > Host-Pathogen Interaction 05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP) > Institute of Virology and Immunology 05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP) |
Graduate School: |
Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences (GCB) |
UniBE Contributor: |
De Martin, Elena, Golomingi, Antoinette, Zahno, Marie-Luise, Abril Gaona, Carlos, Zanoni, Reto Giacomo, Bertoni, Giuseppe |
Subjects: |
500 Science > 570 Life sciences; biology 600 Technology > 630 Agriculture |
ISSN: |
0036-7281 |
Publisher: |
Gesellschaft Schweizer Tierärztinnen und Tierärzte |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Pamela Schumacher |
Date Deposited: |
04 Sep 2019 16:59 |
Last Modified: |
05 Dec 2022 15:30 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.17236/sat00196 |
PubMed ID: |
30696612 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Ausbruch CAEV Diagnostik SRLV analisi filogenetiche analyse phylogénétique diagnostic diagnostica focolaio. kleine Wiederkäuer-Lentiviren lentivirus des petits ruminants lentivirus nei piccoli ruminanti outbreak. phylogenetic analysis phylogenetische Analyse small ruminant lentiviruses épizootie. |
BORIS DOI: |
10.7892/boris.132989 |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/132989 |
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