Lexis and Grammar of Mitochondrial RNA Processing in Trypanosomes

Aphasizheva, Inna; Alfonzo, Juan; Carnes, Jason; Cestari, Igor; Cruz-Reyes, Jorge; Göringer, H. Ulrich; Hajduk, Stephen; Lukeš, Julius; Madison-Antenucci, Susan; Maslov, Dmitri A.; McDermott, Suzanne M.; Ochsenreiter, Torsten; Read, Laurie K.; Salavati, Reza; Schnaufer, Achim; Schneider, André; Simpson, Larry; Stuart, Kenneth; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav; Zhou, Z. Hong; ... (2020). Lexis and Grammar of Mitochondrial RNA Processing in Trypanosomes. Trends in parasitology, 36(4), pp. 337-355. Elsevier Current Trends 10.1016/j.pt.2020.01.006

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Trypanosoma brucei spp. cause African human and animal trypanosomiasis, a burden on health and economy in Africa. These hemoflagellates are distinguished by a kinetoplast nucleoid containing mitochondrial DNAs of two kinds: maxicircles encoding ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and proteins and minicircles bearing guide RNAs (gRNAs) for mRNA editing. All RNAs are produced by a phage-type RNA polymerase as 3' extended precursors, which undergo exonucleolytic trimming. Most pre-mRNAs proceed through 3' adenylation, uridine insertion/deletion editing, and 3' A/U-tailing. The rRNAs and gRNAs are 3' uridylated. Historically, RNA editing has attracted major research effort, and recently essential pre- and postediting processing events have been discovered. Here, we classify the key players that transform primary transcripts into mature molecules and regulate their function and turnover.

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