Wenger, Sandra; Hoby, Stefan; Wyss, Fabia; Adami, Chiara; Wenker, Christian (2013). Anaesthesia with medetomidine, midazolam and ketamine in six gorillas after premedication with oral zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride. Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia, 40(2), pp. 176-180. Blackwell Science 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2012.00761.x
Full text not available from this repository. (Request a copy)OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of medetomidine, midazolam and ketamine (MMK) in captive gorillas after premedication with oral zuclopenthixol.
STUDY DESIGN
Case series.
ANIMALS
Six gorillas, two males and four females, aged 9-52 years and weighing 63-155 kg.
METHODS
The gorillas were given zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride 0.2 ± 0.05 mg kg(-1) per os twice daily for 3 days for premedication. On the day of anaesthesia the dose of zuclopenthixol was increased to 0.27 mg kg(-1) and given once early in the morning. Anaesthesia was induced with medetomidine 0.04 ± 0.004 mg kg(-1) , midazolam 0.048 ± 0.003 mg kg(-1) and ketamine 4.9 ± 0.4 mg kg(-1) intramuscularly (IM). Upon recumbency, the trachea was intubated and anaesthesia was maintained on 1-2% isoflurane in oxygen. Physiological parameters were monitored every 10 minutes and arterial blood gas analysis was performed once 30-50 minutes after initial darting. At the end of the procedure, 42-115 minutes after initial darting, immobilisation was antagonized with atipamezole 0.21 ± 0.03 mg kg(-1) and sarmazenil 5 ± 0.4 μg kg(-1) IM.
RESULTS
Recumbency was reached within 10 minutes in five out of six animals. One animal required two additional darts before intubation was feasible. Heart rate ranged from 60 to 85 beats minute(-1) , respiratory rate from 17 to 46 breaths minute(-1) and temperature from 36.9 to 38.3 °C. No spontaneous recoveries were observed and anaesthetic level was stable. Blood gas analyses revealed mild respiratory acidosis, and mean PaO(2) was 24.87 ± 17.16 kPa (187 ± 129 mmHg) with all values being above 13.4 kPa (101 mmHg). Recovery was smooth and gorillas were sitting within 25 minutes.
CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The drug combination proved to be effective in anaesthetizing captive gorillas of various ages and both sexes, with minimal cardio-respiratory changes.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
|---|---|
Division/Institute: |
05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine (DKV) > DKV - Anaesthesiology |
UniBE Contributor: |
Adami, Chiara |
Subjects: |
600 Technology > 630 Agriculture |
ISSN: |
1467-2987 |
Publisher: |
Blackwell Science |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Susanne Portner |
Date Deposited: |
28 Jul 2014 16:24 |
Last Modified: |
05 Dec 2022 14:30 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.1111/j.1467-2995.2012.00761.x |
PubMed ID: |
22882576 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: |
atipamezole gorilla, ketamine, medetomidine, midazolam, sarmazenil, zuclopenthixol |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/44709 |
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