Cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase in dogs with chronic enteropathies.

Dumusc, S D; Ontsouka, Edgar; Schnyder, M; Hartnack, S; Albrecht, C; Bruckmaier, Rupert; Burgener, I A (2014). Cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase in dogs with chronic enteropathies. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 28(6), pp. 1684-1691. Wiley-Blackwell 10.1111/jvim.12463

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BACKGROUND

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) is the major source of leukotrienes. Their role in IBD has been demonstrated in humans and animal models, but not in dogs with chronic enteropathies (CCE).

HYPOTHESIS

COX-2 and 5-LO are upregulated in dogs with CCE.

ANIMALS

Fifteen healthy control dogs (HCD), 10 dogs with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and 15 dogs with food-responsive diarrhea (FRD).

METHODS

Prospective study. mRNA expression of COX-2, 5-LO, IL-1b, IL-4, IL-6, TNF, IL-10 and TFG-β was evaluated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR in duodenal and colonic biopsies before and after treatment.

RESULTS

COX-2 expression in the colon was significantly higher in IBD and FRD before and after treatment (all P < .01). IL-1b was higher in FRD in the duodenum after treatment (P = .021). TGF-β expression was significantly higher in the duodenum of HCD compared to FRD/IBD before treatment (both P < .001) and IBD after treatment (P = .012). There were no significant differences among groups and within groups before and after treatment for IL-4, IL-6, TNF, and IL-10. There was a significant correlation between COX-2 and IL-1b in duodenum and colon before treatment in FRD and IBD, whereas 5-LO correlated better with IL-6 and TNF. IL-10 and TGF-β usually were correlated.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE

COX-2 is upregulated in IBD and FRD, whereas IL-1b and TGF-β seem to be important pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, respectively. The use of dual COX/5-LO inhibitors could be an interesting alternative in the treatment of CCE.

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