Rückgang von Bestand und Verbreitung des Auerhuhns Tetrao urogallus im Schwarzwald

Coppes, Joy; Ehrlacher, Judith; Müller, Gerrit; Roth, Klaus; Schroth, Karl-Eugen; Braunisch, Veronika; Suchant, Rudi (2016). Rückgang von Bestand und Verbreitung des Auerhuhns Tetrao urogallus im Schwarzwald. Der Ornithologische Beobachter, 113(3), pp. 235-248. Ala, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Vogelkunde und Vogelschutz

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Even though Capercaillie are still present in large parts of its original range,
its numbers have decreased in many parts of the Western and Central European
range and in several cases, local populations have gone extinct. The Capercaillie
population in the Black Forest, South-Western Germany, has undergone
drastic declines in the past decades. In 1971 the number of male Capercaillie
displaying at lekking sites throughout the Black Forest was counted for the
first time, and since 1983 counts have been performed on a yearly basis. From
1993 onwards, all sightings and signs of Capercaillie presence have been documented and combined to create a distribution map, which is updated every five years. The lek-counts show fluctuations in the number of displaying males, but with a strong decline becoming evident over the entire study period: whereas
roughly 450 males were counted between 1983 and 1994, the last count in
2016 revealed only 206 males. The decline was paralleled by a decline in range
from 607 km2 in 1993 to 457 km2 in 2013. This 25 % decline is not evenly
distributed in the Black Forest but is largest in the Southern and Eastern Black
Forest («Süd-Schwarzwald» and «Baar-Schwarzwald») compared to the subpopulations in the Northern and Central parts of the study area. Possible causes include: habitat loss and deterioration, climate change, anthropogenic disturbance and increasing numbers of predators, most likely several of these operating in conjunction.

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