Abela, Irene A; Hauser, Anthony; Schwarzmüller, Magdalena; Pasin, Chloé; Kusejko, Katharina; Epp, Selina; Cavassini, Matthias; Battegay, Manuel; Rauch, Andri; Calmy, Alexandra; Notter, Julia; Bernasconi, Enos; Fux, Christoph A; Leuzinger, Karoline; Perreau, Matthieu; Ramette, Alban; Gottschalk, Jochen; Schindler, Eméry; Wepf, Alexander; Marconato, Maddalena; ... (2024). Deciphering factors linked with reduced SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. The journal of infectious diseases, 230(2), e292-e304. Oxford University Press 10.1093/infdis/jiae002
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BACKGROUND
Factors influencing susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 remain to be resolved. Using data of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) on 6,270 people with HIV (PWH) and serologic assessment for SARS-CoV-2 and circulating-human-coronavirus (HCoV) antibodies, we investigated the association of HIV-related and general parameters with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
METHODS
We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 PCR-tests, COVID-19 related hospitalizations, and deaths reported to the SHCS between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2021. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs were determined in pre-pandemic (2019) and pandemic (2020) bio-banked plasma and compared to HIV-negative individuals. We applied logistic regression, conditional logistic regression, and Bayesian multivariate regression to identify determinants of SARS-CoV-2 infection and Ab responses to SARS-CoV-2 in PWH.
RESULTS
No HIV-1-related factors were associated with SARS-CoV-2 acquisition. High pre-pandemic HCoV antibodies were associated with a lower risk of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and with higher SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses upon infection. We observed a robust protective effect of smoking on SARS-CoV-2-infection risk (aOR= 0.46 [0.38,0.56], p=2.6*10-14), which occurred even in previous smokers, and was highest for heavy smokers.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings of two independent protective factors, smoking and HCoV antibodies, both affecting the respiratory environment, underscore the importance of the local immune milieu in regulating susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
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Division/Institute: |
04 Faculty of Medicine > Service Sector > Institute for Infectious Diseases > Research 04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Haematology, Oncology, Infectious Diseases, Laboratory Medicine and Hospital Pharmacy (DOLS) > Clinic of Infectiology 04 Faculty of Medicine > Service Sector > Institute for Infectious Diseases |
UniBE Contributor: |
Rauch, Andri, Ramette, Alban Nicolas |
Subjects: |
500 Science > 570 Life sciences; biology 600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health |
ISSN: |
1537-6613 |
Publisher: |
Oxford University Press |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Pubmed Import |
Date Deposited: |
17 Jan 2024 14:33 |
Last Modified: |
17 Aug 2024 00:12 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.1093/infdis/jiae002 |
PubMed ID: |
38227786 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: |
HIV PWH SARS-CoV-2 endemic human coronaviruses pre-existing immunity smoking |
BORIS DOI: |
10.48350/191691 |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/191691 |
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