Amino acid transporters revisited: New views in health and disease.

Kandasamy, Palanivel; Gyimesi, Gergely; Kanai, Yoshikatsu; Hediger, Matthias (2018). Amino acid transporters revisited: New views in health and disease. Trends in biochemical sciences, 43(10), pp. 752-789. Elsevier Current Trends 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.05.003

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Amino acid transporters (AATs) are membrane-bound transport proteins that mediate transfer of amino acids into and out of cells or cellular organelles. AATs have diverse functional roles ranging from neurotransmission to acid-base balance, intracellular energy metabolism, and anabolic and catabolic reactions. In cancer cells and diabetes, dysregulation of AATs leads to metabolic reprogramming, which changes intracellular amino acid levels, contributing to the pathogenesis of cancer, obesity and diabetes. Indeed, the neutral amino acid transporters (NATs) SLC7A5/LAT1 and SLC1A5/ASCT2 are likely involved in several human malignancies. However, a clinical therapy that directly targets AATs has not yet been developed. The purpose of this review is to highlight the structural and functional diversity of AATs, their diverse physiological roles in different tissues and organs, their wide-ranging implications in human diseases and the emerging strategies and tools that will be necessary to target AATs therapeutically.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Review Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Faculty Institutions > NCCR TransCure
04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine

UniBE Contributor:

Kandasamy, Palanivel, Gyimesi, Gergely (B), Hediger, Matthias

Subjects:

500 Science > 570 Life sciences; biology
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

0968-0004

Publisher:

Elsevier Current Trends

Language:

English

Submitter:

Kevin Marc Rupp

Date Deposited:

09 Oct 2018 15:13

Last Modified:

29 Mar 2023 23:36

Publisher DOI:

10.1016/j.tibs.2018.05.003

PubMed ID:

30177408

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Solute carriers (SLCs) acid-base balance ammoniagenesis autophagy cancer diabetes mellitus energy metabolism excitotoxicity glutamine-glutamate cycle inborn errors of metabolism insulin and glucagon secretion longevity mTORC1/S6K1 pathway membrane protein structure membrane transport metabolic acidosis neurotransmission pancreas

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.120389

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/120389

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