A fundamental evaluation of the electrical properties and function of cardiac transverse tubules

Vermij, S.H.; Abriel, H.; Kucera, J.P. (2020). A fundamental evaluation of the electrical properties and function of cardiac transverse tubules. Biochimica et biophysica acta - molecular cell research, 1867(3), p. 118502. Elsevier 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.06.016

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This work discusses active and passive electrical properties of transverse (T-)tubules in ventricular cardiomyocytes to understand the physiological roles of T-tubules. T-tubules are invaginations of the lateral membrane that provide a large surface for calcium-handling proteins to facilitate sarcomere shortening. Higher heart rates correlate with higher T-tubular densities in mammalian ventricular cardiomyocytes. We assess ion dynamics in T-tubules and the effects of sodium current in T-tubules on the extracellular potential, which leads to a partial reduction of the sodium current in deep segments of a T-tubule. We moreover reflect on the impact of T-tubules on macroscopic conduction velocity, integrating fundamental principles of action potential propagation and conduction. We also theoretically assess how the conduction velocity is affected by different T-tubular sodium current densities. Lastly, we critically assess literature on ion channel expression to determine whether action potentials can be initiated in T-tubules.

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