Disparate temperature-dependent virus-host dynamics for SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in the human respiratory epithelium.

V'kovski, Philip; Gultom, Mitra; Kelly, Jenna N.; Steiner, Silvio; Russeil, Julie; Mangeat, Bastien; Cora, Elisa; Pezoldt, Joern; Holwerda, Melle; Kratzel, Annika; Laloli, Laura; Wider, Manon; Portmann, Jasmine; Tran, Thao; Ebert, Nadine; Stalder, Hanspeter; Hartmann, Rune; Gardeux, Vincent; Alpern, Daniel; Deplancke, Bart; ... (2021). Disparate temperature-dependent virus-host dynamics for SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in the human respiratory epithelium. PLoS biology, 19(3), e3001158. Public Library of Science 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001158

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Since its emergence in December 2019, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally and become a major public health burden. Despite its close phylogenetic relationship to SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 exhibits increased human-to-human transmission dynamics, likely due to efficient early replication in the upper respiratory epithelium of infected individuals. Since different temperatures encountered in the human upper and lower respiratory tract (37°C and 33°C, respectively) have been shown to affect the replication kinetics of several respiratory viruses, as well as host immune response dynamics, we investigated the impact of temperatures during SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection using the primary human airway epithelial cell culture model. SARS-CoV-2, in contrast to SARS-CoV, replicated to higher titers when infections were performed at 33°C rather than 37°C. Although both viruses were highly sensitive to type I and type III interferon pretreatment, a detailed time-resolved transcriptome analysis revealed temperature-dependent interferon and pro-inflammatory responses specifically induced by SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2, which amplitude was inversely proportional to their replication efficiencies at 33°C or 37°C. These data provide crucial insight on pivotal virus-host interaction dynamics and are in line with characteristic clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, as well as their respective transmission efficiencies.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP) > Institute of Virology and Immunology
04 Faculty of Medicine > Service Sector > Institute for Infectious Diseases > Research
04 Faculty of Medicine > Service Sector > Institute for Infectious Diseases
05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP)
09 Interdisciplinary Units > Microscopy Imaging Center (MIC)

Graduate School:

Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences (GCB)

UniBE Contributor:

V'kovski, Philip, Gultom, Mitra Lovelin, Kelly, Jenna Nicole, Steiner, Silvio, Holwerda, Melle, Kratzel, Annika, Laloli, Laura, Licheri, Manon Flore, Portmann, Jasmine, Tran, Thi Nhu Thao, Ebert, Nadine, Stalder, Hanspeter, Thiel, Volker Earl, Dijkman, Ronald

Subjects:

600 Technology > 630 Agriculture
500 Science > 570 Life sciences; biology
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

1544-9173

Publisher:

Public Library of Science

Language:

English

Submitter:

Andrea Stettler

Date Deposited:

31 Mar 2021 11:34

Last Modified:

02 Mar 2023 23:34

Publisher DOI:

10.1371/journal.pbio.3001158

PubMed ID:

33780434

BORIS DOI:

10.48350/155222

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/155222

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